2020年中考英语考前冲刺 （三）

阅读理解
★文章类型
阅读理解之广告图表类包含广告、招聘、咨询和建议等类型的文章。
★解题技巧
解答广告图表类题，要仔细阅读表格中的内容，表格类阅读材料一般都直观地表达出所要传递的信息。考生只要能看懂各个项目的意义，即可找出所设问题的答案。这类材料一般不涉及难度太大的题目。
纵观历年各省市的中考题可以看出广告图表类的文章在阅读理解中占有相当大的比重，一般四篇阅读理解中至少有一篇是广告图表类。广告图表类的文章属于应用文。学生阅读这类材料时，主要从两方面入手：
★一是了解图表的主题，确定图表的主要内容；
★二是推敲图画上的文字或数字，找出它们之间的关联或试图表达的含义。典例一
（2018
?
江西中考）
Science
museum
(The
Science
of
Survival,
IMAX&SIMEX)
The
Science
Museum
has
something
for
everyone.
Entry
to
the
museum
is
free.
Offer
applies
to
IMAX
3D
Cinema,
SIMEX
and
The
Science
of
Survival
exhibition
only.
IMAX
￡7.50
SIMEX
￡4.00
The
Science
of
Survival
￡6.00
Opening
Times:
Daily
10:
00—18:
00
Visit
Time:
2
hours
National
Gallery
Opening
Times:
Daily
10
am—7
pm
Wednesday
until
9
pm
Admission:
￡8
adults.
￡4
students,
under
12s
free
Tickets:
Available
daily
from
10
am
Telephone:
020
7747
2885
Visitus
ZSL
London
Z
There
are
over
12,
000
amazing
animals
for
you
to
see.
These
are
just
a
few
things
which
make
a
visit
to
ZSL
London
Zoo
a
great
day.
Ticket
Price:
￡
17.00
Opening
Times:
Daily
10:
00—17:
30
Visit
Time:
4
hours
34.
How
much
does
the
ticket
to
ZSL
London
Zoo
cost?
A.
￡8.00.B.
￡17.50.C.
￡17.00.

D.
￡7.50.
35.
Where
is
the
Science
of
Survival
exhibition
held?
A.
At
the
National
gallery

B.
At
the
Science
Museum
C.
At
ZSL
London
zoo

D.
At
IMAX
3D
Cinema
36.
How
long
is
the
National
Gallery
open
on
Wednesday?
A.
4
hoursB.
8
hoursC.
7
hours

D.
11
hours
【文章大意】本文公示了＂生存科学展＂＂国家美术馆＂和＂ZSL伦敦动物园＂的广告信息。
34.
C【解析】考查细节理解。根据第三个广告信息Ticket
Price:
￡
17.00，可知选C。
35.
B【解析】考查细节理解。根据第一则广告的标题Science
museum可知选B。
36.
D【解析】考查数字理解。根据第二则广告信息Opening
Times:
Daily
10
am—7
pm
Wednesday
until
9
pm，可知21-10=11，故选D。
典例二
【2019
?
广东省广州市】
6
16.
What
color
is
the
tent?
A.
Pink.
B.
Yellow.
C.
Red.
D.
Blue.
17.
How
much
should
a
couple(一对夫妻)
with
a
kid
at
5
pay
at
Peng
Lai
Chun
Restaurant?
A.
$18.
B.
$9.
C.
$36.
D.
$45.
18.
If
Susan
wants
to
work
as
an
assistant
at
Dicken’s
Books,
she
should
call
at
___________.
A.
768-3647
B.
623-2972
C.
879-6634
D.
768-6634
19.
We
can
___________
in
Golden
Shopping
Plaza.
A.
buy
a
girl’s
pink
tent
B.
see
26
pretty
and
cool
models
in
the
latest
fashions
C.
telephone
879-6634
and
speak
to
the
shop
manager,
John
Hunter
D.
eat
delicious
food
20.
According
to
the
passage,
which
of
the
following
is
NOT
true?
A.
The
assistant
at
Dicken’s
Books
has
to
work
for
8
hours
a
day.
B.
The
holes
in
the
windows
of
the
tent
can
let
the
air
and
bugs
in.
C.
The
Summer
Fashion
Show
starts
at
2:
00
in
the
afternoon
on
Saturday.
D.
People
who
want
to
eat
at
Peng
Lai
Chun
Restaurant
should
book
early.
【文章大意】短文介绍了四则广告信息：包括出售女童粉色帐篷的销售广告，一家中餐馆的订餐广告，书店招收助理的招聘广告以及夏季时装秀的演出广告。
16.
A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一则广告的信息＂Girl’s
Pink
Tent(帐篷)＂可知，帐篷是粉色的，故选A。
17.
D【解析】数字计算题。根据第二则广告＂Peng
Lai
Chun
Restaurant＂中的价格信息＂Price:
$18
for
each
adult(成年人)；half
price
for
each
kid
under
8＂可知，成年人每人$18，8岁以下儿童半价。$18×2+$9=$45，故答案为D。
18.
C【解析】细节理解题。根据＂Bookshop
assistant(助理)
Dicken’s
Books＂中的联系方式＂Telephone
879-6634
and
speak
to
the
shop
manager,
John
Hunter＂可知，如果苏珊想在迪肯书房做助理，她应该打879-6634。答案为C。
19.
B【解析】细节理解题。根据＂Summer
Fashion
Show
Golden
Shopping
Plaza＂中的信息＂See
26
pretty
and
cool
models
in
the
latest
fashions.＂可知，在黄金购物广场，我们可以看到26个漂亮又酷的模特，穿着最新的时装。答案为B。
20.
B【解析】判断正误题。根据＂Bookshop
assistant(助理)
Dicken’s
Books＂中的工作时间＂Price:
$80
an
hour,
8
a.m.—4
p.m.＂可知，迪肯书房的助理每天要工作8个小时。A选项正确；根据＂Girl’s
Pink
Tent(帐篷)＂中的信息＂There
are
small
holes
in
the
windows.
These
holes
let
the
air
in
and
keep
the
bugs(小虫)out.＂可知，帐篷窗户的小孔让空气进入，可以把虫子挡在外面。B选项是是说帐篷窗户上的小孔可以让空气和虫子进入。B选项错误；根据＂Summer
Fashion
Show＂中的信息2:
00
p.m.
Saturday可知，夏季时装秀周六下午两点开始。C选项正确。根据＂Peng
Lai
Chun
Restaurant＂中的信息＂Book(预定)
early
because
it
gets
busy!＂可知，想在蓬莱春餐厅吃饭的人应该早点预订。D选项正确。因此不正确的答案选B。
典例四
（2018
?
山东德州）
Room
for
rent（租）
We
are
a
couple
looking
to
rent
out
a
bedroom.
It’s
close
to
123
bus
stop
&
the
street.
We
also
have
two
small
dogs
who
are
house
trained
and
walk
every
day.
You
should
pay
$500
monthly.
In
advance(提前),
please.
For
more
information,
please
contact(联系):
Mr.
Adam
Green
Address:
25
Realway
Street,
Haddington
Tel:
01985756634
Email:
AdamG@Yahoo.co.uk
6.
The
householders_____________.
A.
are
two
girls

B.
like
smoking
a
lot
C.
have
two
well-trained
dogsD.
are
more
than
thirty
years
old
7.
Which
is
RIGHT
about
the
room
for
rent?
A.
It
has
a
private
kitchen
B.
It’s
fit
for
the
disabled
C.
It’s
$1,000
for
three
monthsD.
It
is
far
from
123
bus
stop
8.
_____________
can
rent
the
room
A.
Mr.
Black
and
his
wife
B.
Eric,
a
sixty-year-old
doctor
C.
Mrs.
Smith
and
her
4-year-old
son

D.
Jim,
a
young
man
with
a
little
cat
9.
You
can’t
contact
Mr.
Adam
Green
_____________.
A.
by
telephone
B.
by
email
C.
by
QQD.
by
visiting
him
10.
This
article
is
a
(an)
_____________.
A.
interview

B.
report

C.
advertisement(广告)
D.
notice
【文章大意】本文为出租广告。介绍了所要出租的房屋的信息。它靠近123路公共汽车站和街道。租金每月500美元；图片给出了卧室的设施；在文中介绍了房主的信息和爱好；设施及对租赁者的要求。最后给出了户主的信息及联系方式。
6.
C【解析】细节理解题。由Householders
信息中性别是一男一女可以判定A选项两个女孩是错误的；由No
smokers可知没有吸烟的，可知B选项
非常喜欢吸烟是错误的；年龄25和29岁，可知D
选项30多岁是错误的。由第一段we
also
have
two
small
dogs
who
are
house
trained
可知有两只训练有素的狗，即选项C是正确的，故选C。
7.
B【解析】细节理解题。由设施表格内kitchen
shared可知厨房是共享的（shared），可知选项A
private（私有的）是不正确的；由有残疾人通道可知B选项适合（is
fit
for）残疾人(the
disabled)是正确的；由第一段You
should
pay
$500
monthly(每月付500)，故三个月应付1500，可知C选项错误；由第一段It’s
close
to
(离……近)123
bus
stop可知D
选项It’s
far
from（离……远）123
bus
stop是错误的，故选择B。
8.
B【解析】细节理解题。由更适合新室友表格可知，不适合couples（夫妻），所以A选项Black和他的妻子不正确；年龄21—65可知B选项60岁的医生可以；由No
children可知C选项四岁的孩子不可以；由No
pets（宠物）可知D选项有猫不可以。故选B。
9.
C【解析】细节理解题。由联系方式可知，要联系亚当格林先生可以通过打电话；发电子邮件；或到家里拜访。通过QQ不可以。故选C。
10.
C【解析】推理判断题。A.
interview采访；B.
report
报道；C.
advertisement
(广告)
D.
notice通知。本文是对房屋出租信息的介绍。因此属于广告类。故选C。细节理解题主要考查学生对文章中的细节与具体事实的把握能力，内容涉及询问事实、原因、结果和目的等，属于浅层次的理解题，难度较低。同学们需要在有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，发现文章中的细节信息，然后遵循由整体到细节的原则，把握作者的思路，按全文→段落→词语的步骤来解题。
典例五
（2018
?
山东青岛）
Beijing
World
Hotel
Sports
Club
You
can
do
many
different
sports
here
to
keep
healthy.
You’ll
never
get
bored.
Our
program
is
always
working
on
new
ways
to
keep
you
strong
and
happy.
Location:
First
Lever,
West
Wing
Building,
Beijing
World
Trade
Center
Opening
Hours:
14:00
to
21:30
hours
Gourmet
It
is
simple
to
prepare
a
great
meal
for
your
family
or
friends
now!
You
can
buy
the
best
meat,
milk
products,
wines,
bread,
cakes
and
more…
Location:
Basement
1,
Beijing
World
Trade
Center
Opening
Hours:
19:00
to
21:00
hours
Lost
HorizonYou
are
the
star
at
the
Lost
Horizon
karaoke
room.
Over
7000
choices
of
Chinese,
Japanese,
Korean
and
English
songs
are
all
for
your
singing
pleasure.Location:
Ground
Level,
West
Wing
Building,
Beijing
World
Trade
Center

Opening
Hours:
19:00
to
01:00
hours
(Sunday—Thursday);
19:00
to
03:00
hours
(Friday—Saturday)
Brauhaus
Here
we
open
an
excellent
German
bar.
Guests
will
feel
the
atmosphere
of
a
bar
in
Berlin,
enjoy
real
German
beers
and
meals.
Location:
Ground
Level,
West
Wing
Building,
Beijing
World
Trade
Center

Opening
Hours:
12:00
to
03:00
hours
(Sunday—Thursday);
12:00
to
05:00
hours
(Friday—Saturday)
For
more
information,
please
call
service
center(85144800)
15.
If
you
want
to
find
a
place
to
sing
karaoke,
you
can
go
to
_____________.
A.
Sports
Club
B.
Lost
Horizon

C.
Gourmet

D.
Brauhaus
16.
According
to
the
passage,
Gourmet
is
a
place
where
you
can
_____________.
A.
do
many
different
sports
B.
visit
during
the
daytime
C.
buy
something
to
eat

D.
buy
anything
you
want
17.
Which
of
the
following
statements
is
NOT
true?
A.
You
can
enjoy
real
German
beers
and
meals
in
Brauhaus.
B.
Sports
Club
opens
from
2:00
p.m.
to
9:30
p.m..
C.
Lost
Horizon
is
on
Ground
Level
of
West
Wing
Building.
D.
You
can
stay
in
Brauhaus
from
morning
till
night.
【文章大意】这是北京世界宾馆的广告。
15.
B
【解析】根据You
are
the
star
at
the
Lost
Horizon
karaoke
room.可知唱歌可以去Lost
Horizon，故选B。
16.
C
【解析】根据Gourmet
You
can
buy
the
best
meat,
milk
products,
wines
bread,
cakes
and
more...可知是卖吃的的地方；故选C。
17.
D
【解析】根据Brauhaus
Opening
Hours：12:00
to
03:00
hours
（Sunday—Thursday）；12:00
to
05:00
hours（Friday—Saturday）可知不是全天开放；故选D。A（浙江省宁波市鄞州区2019届九年级期中）
Rules
are
everywhere.
We
have
many
rules
in
our
daily
life,
because
they
are
very
important
to
us.
We
have
to
follow
them.
Here
are
two
pieces
of
them.
Exit(
出口）Seat
Criteria(标准）
If
you
are
sitting
in
an
exit
seat,
read
the
instructions
below.
You
must:
☆Be
at
least
15
years
old
and
healthy
enough
to
offer
help.
☆Be
able
to
speak,
read
and
understand
English
well.
☆Be
able
to
help
the
crew
members（工作人员）open
emergency
exit(紧急出口).
☆Be
able
to
help
others
away
from
the
plane.
You
must
not:
☆Have
hearing
problem.
☆Travel
with
a
pet,
such
as
a
dog.☆Travel
with
someone
that
needs
special
care,
such
as
a
child.
If
you
cannot
meet
the
criteria,
ask
crew
members
to
move
you
to
another
seat.
You
do
not
have
to
explain
why,
just
say,
＂I
do
not
want
to
sit
in
an
exit
seat.＂
Rules
for
Residents(房客)
☆You
may
make
tea
and
coffee
in
your
rooms
,but
cooking
is
not
allowed.
☆Visitors
are
welcome
to
stay
in
your
rooms
until
11
p.m.,
but
please
do
not
play
loud
music
after
10
p.m..
☆There
is
a
TV
set
in
the
Students’
Lounge(休息室).
You
can
watch
it
when
you
are
free.
☆There
are
washing
machines
on
every
floor
for
washing
your
clothes.
Please
don’t
hang
clothes
out
of
the
window
to
dry.
☆Each
floor
has
a
telephone
for
making
local
calls
only.
1.
This
piece
of
Exit
Seat
Criteria
may
appear
on
the_____________.A.
shipB.
trainC.
busD.
plane
2.
The
passenger
sitting
in
an
exit
seat_____________.A.
can’t
be
deaf
B.
don’t
need
to
understand
EnglishC.
can
be
at
any
age
D.
can
travel
with
his
little
daughter
3.
Which
of
the
following
is
TRUE
about
Rules
for
Residents?A.
Students
need
to
wash
clothes
by
hand.B.
No
friends
can
come
to
visit
the
students.C.
Not
all
calls
are
allowed
to
make.D.
Students
can
cook
in
their
rooms.
B（黑龙江省哈69中2019届初中毕业学年校内模拟测试）
Online
One-to-one
English
Courses
in
China
VIP
KID
DaDa
ABC
UTalk
51Talk
Founding（创建）
time
2013
2013
2016
2011
Founders
Mi
Wenjun
Zhi
Hui
Chen
Zuodong
Huang
Jiajia
The
number
of
foreign
teachers
More
than
60,000
About
3,000
Over
300
Over
8,000
Learners
Age
4—12
Age
6—17
xAge
6—18
Kids,
teens,
adults
Price
per(每)
class
￥120—150/25
minutes
￥127—144/30
minutes
￥38—50/25
minutes
￥96—140/25
minutes
x：Only
UTalk
provides
public
school
English
courses
online
4.
The
founder
of
51Talk
is
_____________
according
to
the
form.
A.
Zhi
Hui
B.
Huang
Jiajia
C.
Chen
Zuodong
5.
Sam
isn’t
good
at
English.
To
improve
his
school
English
course,
_____________
is
his
best
choice.
A.
DaDa
ABC
B.
VIP
KID
C.
UTalk
6.
Online
one-to-one
courses
for
English
learning
started
_____________
in
China.
A.
in
the
year
2013
B.
in
the
2020s
C.
in
the
early
21st
century
7.
If
a
child
has
two
English
online
courses
on
VIP
KID,
he
or
she
should
pay
at
least
_____________.
A.
240￥
B.
300￥
C.
120￥
8.
Which
of
the
following
is
TRUE
according
to
the
information
above?
A.
All
the
online
one-to-one
courses
in
the
form
are
25
minutes
each
time.
B.
51Talk
has
no
age
limit(限制)
according
to
the
form.
C.
UTalk
is
the
most
expensive
of
all
the
online
courses.
A
【文章大意】本文叙述了坐在飞机出口处座位的乘客需要符合的条件以及房客的规章制度。
1.
D
【命题意图】细节理解题。
【解题思路】根据Be
able
to
help
others
away
from
the
plane.可知，这里提到能够帮助其他的人撤离飞机，所以应该是在飞机上。故选D。
2.
A
【命题意图】细节理解题。
【解题思路】根据You
must
not:
☆Have
hearing
problem.可知，坐在出口的人不能有听力问题。所以选A。
3.
C
【命题意图】细节理解题。
【解题思路】根据Each
floor
has
a
telephone
for
making
local
calls
only.可知，只允许打当地的电话。故选C。
B
【文章大意】本文介绍了中国在线一对一英语课程。
4.
B【解析】题意：51talk的创始人是_______。考查细节理解。A.
Zhi
Hui郅慧；B.
Huang
Jiajia黄佳佳；
C.
Chen
Zuodong陈佐东。根据表格第三栏Founders（创始人）第4列Huang
Jiajia（黄佳佳）可知51talk的创始人是黄佳佳；选B。
5.
C【解析】题意：萨姆不擅长英语。为了提高他的学校英语课程，_____________是他的最佳选择。A.
DaDa
ABC；B.
VIP
KID；C.
UTalk。考查细节理解。根据x：Only
UTalk
provides
public
school
English
courses
online（x：只有Utalk在线提供公立学校英语课程。）结合句意可知填C。
6.
C【解析】题意：网上一对一英语学习课程在中国始于__________。考查细节理解。A.
in
the
year
2013：2013年；B.
in
the
2020s：20世纪20年代；C.
in
the
early
21st
century：21世纪初。根据第二栏Founding
time（创建时间）可知创建时间分别是2013、2013、2016、2011；可知网上一对一英语学习课程在中国始于21世纪初。选C。
7.
A【解析】题意：如果一个孩子有两门关于VIP孩子的英语在线课程，他或她应该至少支付________。考查细节理解。A.
240￥；B.
300￥；C.
120￥。根据表格第6栏Price
per(每)
class第一列￥120-150/25
minutes可知一节课25分钟，一节课最少120元，两节课：120x2=240元；可知选A。
8.
B【解析】题意：根据以上信息，以下哪项是正确的？考查细节理解判断。A.
All
the
online
one-to-one
courses
in
the
form
are
25
minutes
each
time.
表格中的所有在线一对一课程每次25分钟；B.
51Talk
has
no
age
limit(限制)
according
to
the
form.根据表格，51Talk没有年龄限制；C.
UTalk
is
the
most
expensive
of
all
the
online
courses
：Utalk是所有在线课程中最昂贵的。根据第5栏Learners（学习者）和第5列Kids,
teens,
adults（儿童、青少年、成人）可知＂51Talk没有年龄限制＂，B是正确的；选B。A
Treasure
Hunt1.
The
treasure
hunt
will
be
held
at
_____________.A.
Aggie’s
Ice-cream
shopB.
Feather
and
Fish
Pet
StoreC.
Benoit
Park
2.
Who
can
take
part
in
the
game?A.
A
little
baby

B.
A
primary
school
student.
C.
A
young
mom
3.
What
is
inside
the
treasure
box?A.
A
map
with
ten
clues.
B.
Some
couponsC.
A
movie
ticket.
4.
If
it
rains
on
September
30th,
the
game
will
be
____________.A.
held
another
day
B.
held
at
another
placeC.
canceled
5.
Which
of
the
following
is
TRUE?A.
The
treasure
hunters
will
meet
at
school.B.
Children
must
hunt
alone.C.
The
game
will
be
held
at
1:00pm.
B
Monday
10:30—11:00am
visit
Uncle
Peter
in
General
Hospital
Tuesday
2:00—4:00
pm
swimming
class
Wednesday
12:00—6:00
pm
part-time
job

Thursday
10:30—11:30
am
Appointment
Mr.
Green
Friday
11:00
am
go
to
the
airport
to
meet
Sam
Saturday
10:00—12:00
am
Meet
Dave
to
study
for
test
Sunday
5:00—7:00
pm
Birthday
party
for
Kate
阅读John的日程表，选择正确答案。
4.
_____________
is
ill
in
hospital.
A.
Kate
B.
PeterC.
John
D.
Sam
5.
John
has
a
swimming
class
on
_____________.
A.
Sunday
B.
TuesdayC.
WednesdayD.
Thursday
6.
John
does
his
part-time
job
for
_____________
hours
a
week.
A.
five

B.
six

C.
ten

D.
eleven
7.
John
meets
Sam
_____________.
A.
at
Dave’s
house

B.
in
the
hospital
C.
at
the
airport
D.
Kate’s
home
8.
Kate’s
birthday
party
is
from
____________
to
____________.
A.
2:00;
4:00
B.
12:00;
6:00
C.
12:00;
5:00D.
5:00;
7:00A
【文章大意】本文叙述了在Whitingham城镇举行小学生的一次寻宝游戏，游戏的地点是Benoit
Park，游戏的时间是9月30日下午1点。宝盒里有价值300美元的优惠券。
1.
C
【命题意图】细节理解题。
【解题思路】根据The
treasure
hunt
will
take
place
at
Benoit
Park.
可知，游戏的地点是Benoit
Park，游戏的时间是9月30日下午1点，宝盒里有价值300美元的优惠券。
2.
B
【命题意图】细节理解题。
【解题思路】根据Children
between
the
ages
of
seven
and
twelve
can
take
park
in
it.
可知，在7岁至12岁之间应该是小学生。故选B。
3.
B
【命题意图】细节理解题。
【解题思路】根据The
treasure
is
a
box
filled
with
coupons
worth
$300
in
all.
可知，宝盒里装着价值300美元的优惠券。故选B。
4.
A
【命题意图】细节理解题。
【解题思路】根据If
it
rains,
the
game
will
be
held
at
1:00pm
on
October8th.如果下雨了，比赛将在另外一天举行。故选A。
5.
C
【命题意图】细节理解题。
【解题思路】根据The
treasure
hunt
will
take
place
at
Benoit
Park
at1:00pm
on
the
September
30th.可知比赛在下午1点开始。故选C。
B
【文章大意】这篇文章讲的是约翰一周的行程安排及他参加的各种活动。
4.
B
【命题意图】细节理解题。
【解题思路】根据文中信息visit
Uncle
Peter
in
General
Hospital可知皮特叔叔生病住院了，故选B。
5.
B
【命题意图】细节理解题。
【解题思路】根据文中信息Tuesday，2:00—4:00
pm，swimming
class可知选B。
6.
B
【命题意图】细节理解题。
【解题思路】根据文中信息Wednesday，12:00—6:00
pm，part-time
job
(业余工作)可知他做兼职6个小时，故选B。
7.
C
【命题意图】细节理解题。
【解题思路】根据文中信息Friday，11:00
am，go
to
the
airport
to
meet
Sam可知答案是C。
8.
D
【命题意图】细节理解题。
【解题思路】根据表格信息Sunday，5:00—7:00
pm，Birthday
party
for
Kate可知答案是D。1.
邻居家一小孩，考试只考了18分，然后他拿红笔添了一横，变成了78，然后又在7的上面多加了半圈，然后……就变成了98。
后来卷子拿给他妈妈看，他妈妈说：这么明显的改动，你以为我会看不出来你其实考了78分吗？
2.
儿子语文考试不及格，爸爸上去就是一巴掌，然后呵斥道：＂一点都不动脑筋！判断题为什么全选’对’呢？＂儿子边哭边理直气壮地说：＂你看，试卷上面写得很清楚，’答错扣分’啊！＂
3.
一次英语考试，老师按下听力磁带后，坐在前面的一个男生便奋笔疾书填写答案，望着他自信的背影我们都自叹不如，英语听力戛然而止，他也潇洒的放下了笔，这时录音机里传来：＂听力试音时间结束，现在开始正式考试。＂
★材料特点
人物故事类的阅读理解文章是中考英语常考材料之一。这类文章一般可分为人物传记和短篇故事两类。
1.
人物传记主要涉及某人的生平事迹、趣闻轶事、生活背景、个性特征、成长和奋斗历程等，其特点是以时间的先后或事件的发展为主线，脉络清楚，可读性较强。
2.
短篇故事与人物传记不同的是，这类文章一般描述的是某一件具体事情的发生、发展或结局，有人物、时间、地点和事件。命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件的之间的关系、作者的态度及意图、故事前因和后果的推测等方面着手，考查学生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。
★解题技巧
1.
阅读人物传记类文章时应该抓住时间线索来获取有关信息，即主人翁在某个时间做过什么，然后通过分析推理、综合归纳的方法进行解题。
2.
阅读短篇故事类材料时，同学们一定要根据主要情节掌握文章主旨大意，同时抓住每一个细节，设身处地地根据文章内容揣摩作者的态度和意图，根据情节展开想象，这样的话即使是深层理解题也可迎刃而解。典例一
【2019
?
重庆市中考A卷】
Imagine
a
world
with
no
more
animals:
no
elephants,
no
tigers
or
lions.
To
some
people,
that
thought
is
too
terrible
for
words.
So
they
are
doing
something
about
it.
Tiffany
Soechting
is
one
of
them.
Being
among
wild
animals—feeding
them
and
caring
for
them—is
all
Tiffany
Soechting
has
wanted
to
do
with
her
life.
And
that
is
exactly
what
she
does!
Soechting
is
the
human
＂mother＂
to
the
500
animals
that
live
on
her
family
wildlife
farm
in
San
Antonio,
Texas.
On
the
farm,
she
cares
for
animals
from
around
the
world.
Soechting
says
she
loves
them
all.
However,
two
reticulated
giraffes(网纹长颈鹿)
take
up
a
special
place
in
her
heart.
Their
population
in
the
wild
has
become
smaller
by
80%
in
the
last
15
years.
＂I’m
so
glad
to
get
help
from
five
wildlife
researchers
that
took
giraffes
up
to
a
higher
level.
All
our
hard
work
helps
protect
giraffes
living
in
the
wild.＂
Besides
her
animal
caring,
Soechting
also
holds
monthly
classes,
where
she
teaches
school
children
about
the
animals.
Soechting
also
opens
the
farm
to
the
public.
Visitors
not
only
learn
about
the
animals,
they
can
also
get
close
to
them.
And
the
animals
are
not
against
that.
For
them,
people
are
part
of
their
natural
environment.
The
farm
is
part
conservation(保护)
area,
part
educational
center
and
part
animal
park.
As
the
animals
walk
peacefully
around
the
grounds,
it
is
easy
for
them
to
forget
that
San
Antonio,
a
busy
city,
is
just
a
few
minutes
away.
1.
＂Soechting
is
the
human
‘mother’
to
the
500
animals＂
shows
__________.
A.
she
has
already
married
and
has
some
children
B.
the
animals
on
the
farm
are
taken
good
care
of
C.
the
animals
can
get
along
well
with
each
other
D.
she
teaches
school
children
about
animals
well
2.
The
structure
of
the
passage
may
be
__________.
A.
B.

C.
D.

3.
According
to
the
passage,
Soechting
is
__________.
A.
confident
but
busy
B.
humorous
and
lovely
C.
wise
but
careless
D.
kind
and
hard-working
4.
The
best
title
of
the
passage
may
be
＂__________＂.
A.
How
to
Save
Wild
Animals
B.
Soeching
and
Her
Wild
Animals
C.
Two
Reticulated
Giraffes
D.
A
World
Without
Wild
Animals
【文章大意】本文介绍了Tiffany
Soechting是一位想一生和野生动物在一起，来喂养和照顾它们的女性，她说这是她生活的全部。她就是这么做的！在农场里，她照顾来自世界各地的动物。Soechting说她爱他们。在动物园里有两只网纹长颈鹿，在她的心中占据了一个特殊的位置。除了照顾动物外，Soechting还每月举办一次班课，在那里她教学校的孩子们动物的知识。Soechting还向公众开放农场。游客不仅可以了解动物，还可以接近它们。农场部分为保护区、设立了教育中心和动物公园。
1.
B【解析】细节理解题。根据Soechting
is
the
human
＂mother＂
to
the
500
animals
that
live
on
her
family
wildlife
farm
in
San
Antonio,
Texas.
On
the
farm,
she
cares
for
animals
from
around
the
world.
Soechting
says
she
loves
them
all.
索赫丁是人类的＂母亲＂，500只动物生活在她的家庭野生动物农场在圣安东尼奥，德克萨斯州。在农场里，她照顾来自世界各地的动物。
Soechting说她爱他们。表明了农场里的动物都得到了很好的照顾。故选B。
2.
D【解析】细节理解题。题干问的是短文的结构。本文可以划分为三个部分。第一部分为Paragraph1和Paragraph2两个自然段，主要讲了：Tiffany
Soechting一直想和野生动物在一起，来喂养和照顾它们的原因。第二部分为Paragraph3、Paragraph4和Paragraph5三个自然段，主要讲了：Tiffany
Soechting是动物们的人类＂母亲＂，同时还把500只动物照顾的很好，除此之外还向公众开放农场。让游客不仅可以了解动物，还可以接近它们。第三部分为Paragraph6自然段，主要讲了：农场部分为保护区、设立了教育中心和动物公园。动物们可以在这里安静地行走。结合所给的选项可知，符合这一结构的为选项D。
3.
D【解析】推理判断题。根据Being
among
wild
animals—feeding
them
and
caring
for
them—is
all
Tiffany
Soechting
has
wanted
to
do
with
her
life.
And
that
is
exactly
what
she
does!
可知，Tiffany
Soechting一直想和野生动物在一起，来喂养和照顾它们，这就是她生活的全部。她就是这么做的！说明Tiffany
Soechting是善良的（kind）；再根据Besides
her
animal
caring,
Soechting
also
holds
monthly
classes,
where
she
teaches
school
children
about
the
animals.
除了照顾动物外，索赫廷还每月举办一次班，在那里她教学校的孩子们动物的知识。说明Tiffany
Soechting也是努力工作的（hard-working）。故选D。
4.
B【解析】推理判断题。A.
How
to
Save
Wild
Animals如何拯救野生动物；B.
Soeching
and
Her
Wild
Animals
Tiffany
Soechting及其野生动物。C.
Two
Reticulated
Giraffes两只网状长颈鹿。D.
A
World
Without
Wild
Animals一个没有野生动物的世界。根据Sketching
is
the
human
＂mother＂
to
the
500
animals
that
live
on
her
family
wildlife
farm
in
San
Antonio,
Texas.
Sketching是人类的＂母亲＂，500只动物生活在圣安东尼奥，德克萨斯州她的家庭野生动物农场里。可知，本文主要介绍了Tiffany
Soechting是如何照顾她的野生动物的。因此最好的题目是Soeching
and
Her
Wild
Animals。故选B。
典例二
【2019
?
浙江省金华、义乌、丽水市中考】
On
March
19，2019，
eight-year-old
Tani
won
the
New
York
Championship(纽约象棋冠军赛)
of
his
age
group.
But
the
boy,
who
was
homeless
at
the
time,
began
learning
the
game
less
than
a
year
ago.
Tani
and
his
family
arrived
in
New
York
City
from
Africa
in
2017.
A
church
helped
him
enter
the
primary
school,
P.
S.
116.
Here
the
gifted
boy
was
first
introduced
to
chess
by
a
part-time
teacher
Makofsky,
owner
of
a
chess
club.
Interested
in
the
game,
the
seven-year-old
asked
his
mother
to
allow
him
to
join
the
club.
Not
able
to
afford
the
chess
classes,
she
emailed
Makofsky.
To
her
surprise
and
joy,
Makofsky
agreed
that
Tani
could
learn
it
for
free.
Though
the
chess
club
helps,
it’s
largely
believed
that
Tani’s
success
lies
in
hard
work.
Theboy
practices
the
game
for
many
hours
a
day
on
the
floor
with
his
board.
Every
Saturday,
Tani
goes
to
a
free
3-hour
class
to
improve
his
game
skills.
Not
surprisingly,
Tani’s
story,
first
reported
by
The
New
York
Times,
has
brought
him
great
support
from
the
public.
Soon
after
the
young
boy
won
the
New
York
Championship,
Makofsky
began
a
GoFundMe
activity
for
Tani
and
his
family
so
that
he
could
continued
his
chess
journey.
It
raised
$200,000
in
just
ten
days,
far
more
than
they
expected.
And
the
money
keeps
coming.
But
the
family
donates(捐赠)
most
of
the
money
to
the
church
and
to
those
poor
family!
Tani
has
also
received
offers
from
three
famous
private
schools
in
New
York.
However,
the
family
have
politely
refused
all
of
them
and
chosen
to
continue
Tani’s
education
at
P.
S.
116.
While
excited
about
his
new
life,
Tani
is
ready
to
meet
great
challenges(挑战).
He
is
busy
preparing
for
the
2019
National
Primary
Championships.
Winning
the
competition
will
bring
the
chess
player
closer
to
his
dream
of
becoming
the
world’s
youngest
chess
grandmaster(大师).
The
record
has
been
17
years
by
the
Russian
chess
player
Karjakin,
who
won
the
title
at
the
age
of
12.
5.
Tani
began
to
learn
chess
at
the
age
of
__________.
A.
seven
B.
eight
C.
nine
D.
twelve
6.
Paragraph
3
is
mainly
about
__________.
A.
where
Tani
practices
chess
B.
how
hard
Tani
works
at
chess
C.
what
Tani’s
mother
does
for
him
D.
how
much
the
chess
club
helps
7.
After
winning
the
New
York
Championship,
Tani
__________.
A.
hoped
to
see
Bill
Clinton
B.
went
to
a
famous
private
school
C.
became
the
richest
boy
in
New
York
D.
got
much
support
from
society
8.
The
writer
mentions
the
Russian
chess
player
Karjakin
to
__________.
A.
call
on
young
people
to
learn
chess
B.
introduce
his
great
achievements
in
chess
C.
show
it’s
a
big
challenge
for
Tani
to
realize
his
dream
D.
tell
people
Tani
has
been
the
world’s
best
chess
player
【文章大意】本文主要主要讲了Tani从小喜欢象棋，并经过自己的不断努力，最终赢得很多奖项，但实现自己的梦想还是很具挑战性的。
5.
A【解析】细节理解题。根据文中的信息eight-year-old
Tani
won
the
New
York
Championship(纽约象棋冠军赛)
of
his
age
group.
八岁的Tani赢得了他这个年龄组的纽约象棋赛冠军；以及But
the
boy,
who
was
homeless
at
the
time,
began
learning
the
game
less
than
a
year
ago.
但这个那时无家可归的男孩在不到一年前就开始学习这个比赛了。可知Tani在他七岁的时候就开始学习国际象棋，故答案选A。
6.
B【解析】段意归纳题。根据本段的第一句Though
the
chess
club
helps,
it’s
largely
believed
that
Tani’s
success
lies
in
hard
work.虽然他的成功有象棋俱乐部的帮助，但是主要原因在于他的勤奋和努力；再结合下文的描述：他每天在地上用板子练习好几个小时下棋，而且每周六他都会去上3个小时的免费课程，以提高他的下棋技能。可知本段主要讲述的是Tani在下象棋方面有多么的努力，故答案选B。
7.
D【解析】细节理解题。根据文中的信息Soon
after
the
young
boy
won
the
New
York
Championship,
Makofsky
began
a
GoFundMe
activity
for
Tani
and
his
family
so
that
he
could
continued
his
chess
journey.
It
raised
$200,000
in
just
ten
days,
far
more
than
they
expected.可知，在赢得纽约象棋赛冠军之后，为了他能继续他的象棋之旅，Makofsky为Tani和他的家人举办了活动，仅仅10天就筹集了20万美元，远远超过了他们的预期。这意味着Tani得到了很多社会上的支持，故答案选D。
8.
C【解析】推理判断题。根据文中的信息The
record
has
been
17
years
by
the
Russian
chess
player
Karjakin,
这项纪录由俄罗斯的象棋选手Karjakin已经保持了17年，由此可推知作者提到这个内容的目的是为了说明对于Tani来说，实现梦想是一个很大的挑战，故答案选C。
如何做好阅读理解之标题归纳题
命题方式：考查文章的中心思想、文章标题的选择、作者的写作态度和意图。
错误选项的特点：1.
以偏概全。2.
断章取义。3.
主题扩大。4.
张冠李戴。5.
无中生有或似是而非。
解题指导：1.分清主次，抓住主干，找出主题句。2.理清层次关系，选出最佳标题。3.抓住关键词，判断作者意图。典例三
【2019
?
安徽省中考】
Like
many
high
school
graduates,
Maggie
Doyne
didn’t
go
straight
to
college.
She
decided
to
travel
and
arrived
in
western
Nepal
in
2006.
A
war
had
just
ended
there
and
left
many
children
living
on
the
streets.
They
were
often
forced
to
work
at
hard
physical
jobs
for
little
money.
One
day,
while
walking
down
a
country
road,
Doyne
saw
a
little
girl
breaking
up
rocks.
She
soon
learned
that
7-year-old
Hima
sold
the
rocks
to
support
her
family.
With
deep
sadness,
she
decided
to
pay
Hima’s
tuition(学费)
for
school.
Encouraged
by
the
changes
in
the
child,
Doyne
thought,
“If
we
can
help
one
child,
why
not?“
Doyne
felt
that
the
street
children’s
greatest
need
was
a
home.
She
found
a
piece
of
land
for
sale
and
bought
it
with
$5,000
she
saved
from
years
of
babysitting(当临时保姆)
.
In
2008
the
Kopila
Valley
Chilren’s
Home
was
set
up.
With
the
help
from
the
community,
another
goal
was
reached
in
2010—the
Kopila
Valley
School.
Over
350
children
now
attend
the
school
and
over
50
live
in
the
home.
Today,
Doyne
lives
in
the
home
and
is
“mum“
to
the
kids.
14.
When
did
Maggie
Doyne
travel
to
western
Nepal?
A.
In
2006.
B.
In
2007.
C.
In
2008.
D.
In
2010.
15.
Why
did
Hima
break
up
the
rocks?
A.
To
do
physical
exercise.
B.
To
build
a
new
school.
C.
To
get
money
for
her
family.
D.
To
repair
the
country
road.
16.
What
can
we
learn
from
Paragraph
3?
A.
The
street
children
once
worked
as
babysitters.
B.
Doyne
got
some
support
from
the
community.
C.
Doyne
borrowed
much
money
from
the
government.
D.
Over
5,000
children
attend
the
Kopila
Valley
School.
17.
Which
of
the
following
might
be
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A.
Maggie
Doyne—A
Lonely
Traveller
B.
War
in
Western
Nepal
C.
Maggie
Doyne—Mum
to
More
Than
50
D.
A
Girl
Lived
on
Her
Own
【文章大意】Maggie
Doyne是一共高中毕业生，但她没有直接上大学，而且去尼泊尔西部旅行。那里刚结束一场战争，很多孩子都上不起学，甚至没有一个家。Doyne决定做点什么来帮助他们，她给流离失所的孩子建造了一个家，还建了学校，让孩子们上学。
14.
A【解析】细节理解题。根据短文第一段第二句话She
decided
to
travel
and
arrived
in
western
Nepal
in
2006.可知，Maggie
Doyne在2006年去了尼泊尔西部旅行。由此可知应选A。
15.
C【解析】细节理解题。根据短文第二段One
day,
while
walking
down
a
country
road,
Doyne
saw
a
little
girl
breaking
up
rocks.
She
soon
learned
that
7-year-old
Hima
sold
the
rocks
to
support
her
family.可知，Hima砸石头卖掉，用得来的钱养活家人。由此可知应选C。
16.
B【解析】细节理解题。根据She
found
a
piece
of
land
for
sale
and
bought
it
with
$5,000
she
saved
from
years
of
babysitting
(当临时保姆)
.
可知A不对；根据短文第三段中With
the
help
from
the
community,
another
goal
was
reached
in
2010—the
Kopila
Valley
School.可知，在社区的帮助下，Doyne建立学校的目标实现了，由此可知应选B。C选项在短文中没有提到；根据
Over
350
children
now
attend
the
school可知D不对。答案是B。
17.
C【解析】主旨大意题。这篇短文给我们介绍了高中毕业生Maggie
Doyne在去尼泊尔旅行的时候，对那里孩子们的贫困生活留下了深刻的印象，她决定帮助他们。她在那里给孩子们建立了一个家，还建立了学校供孩子们上学，而Doyne就是那些孩子们的＂妈妈＂。由文意可知，C选项＂Maggie
Doyne—50个孩子的妈妈＂这个题目最符合文章主旨，故选C。推理判断题是每年中考的必考题型之一，也是英语阅读理解中难度较大的题型，属于深层理解题。它要求学生对文章中的内容及作者的思路做出合理的判断和推理，也就是要运用逻辑推理能力推测出蕴含在文章中却没有明说的事实及暗示的含义。因此，学生应在理解全文的基础上，从文章本身所提供的信息出发，运用逻辑思维，并借助一定的常识进行分析、推理，在已知和未知信息之间搭起桥梁，透过字里行间，体会＂弦外之音＂，从而揭示文章的深层涵义。
（广东省深圳市耀华实验学校2019届九年级上学期期中）In
their
last
moment
before
the
flight
took
off,
I
heard
a
father
saying
to
his
daughter,
＂I
love
you,
I
wish
you
enough.＂
The
daughter
said,
＂Daddy,
our
life
together
has
been
more
than
enough.
Your
love
is
all
I
ever
needed.
I
wish
you
enough
too.＂
They
kissed
goodbye
and
the
daughter
left.
I
could
see
the
father
was
very
sad.
Suddenly
the
father
walked
towards
me
and
asked
me,
＂Did
you
ever
say
goodbye
to
someone
knowing
it
would
be
the
last
time?＂
His
words
made
me
think
of
my
father.
Realizing
that
my
father’s
days
were
limited(有限的),
I
took
the
time
to
tell
him
face
to
face
how
much
he
meant
to
me.
So
I
understood
what
this
father
was
experiencing.
＂Yes,
I
did.＂
I
answered,
＂But
why
is
this
a
last
goodbye?＂
＂I
am
old
and
my
daughter
lives
much
too
far
away.
Maybe
her
next
trip
back
will
be
for
my
funeral,＂
he
said.
＂When
you
were
saying
goodbye,
I
heard
you
say
‘I
wish
you
enough’.
What
does
that
mean?＂
He
began
to
smile.
＂My
parents
used
to
say
it
to
me.
When
we
say
‘I
wish
you
enough’,
we
want
the
other
person
to
have
a
life
filled
with
enough
good
things.＂
He
stopped
for
a
moment
and
continued,
＂I
wish
you
enough
sun
to
keep
your
attitude
bright.
I
wish
you
enough
rain
to
appreciate
the
sun
more.
I
wish
you
enough
happiness
to
keep
your
spirit
alive.
I
wish
you
enough
pain
so
that
the
smallest
joys
in
life
seem
much
bigger…
I
wish
you
enough

‘Hellos’
to
get
you
through
the
final
‘Goodbye’＂.
He
then
said
goodbye
to
me
and
walked
away.
1.
Where
did
the
story
happen?A.
In
a
hospital.
B.
At
an
airport.

C.
At
a
train
station.D.
In
a
park.
2.
In
the
passage,
＂I
wish
you
enough＂
means
that
we
wish
_____________.A.
the
other
person
as
many
good
things
as
possible
B.
each
other
a
good
lifeC.
the
other
person
as
much
sunshine
as
possible
D.
it
enough
rain
3.
Which
is
NOT
mentioned
according
to
the
passage?A.
The
father’s
parents
used
to
say
＂I
wish
you
enough＂.B.
The
writer
was
the
father’s
friend.C.
The
father
was
sad
when
his
daughter
left.D.
The
father
wished
his
daughter
to
live
a
happy
life.
4.
According
to
the
passage,
why
must
we
be
wished
enough
pain?A.
Because
no
pain,
no
gain.B.
Because
we
can
keep
our
spirit
alive.C.
Because
the
tiny
happiness
makes
us
feel
like
the
great
joys.D.
Because
the
pleasures
and
pains
in
life
are
necessary.【文章大意】这篇短文讲的是一个农民通过自己的努力把一个废弃的农场改造成一个井井有条，生机盎然的地方的故事。
1.
D
【命题意图】细节理解题。
【解题思路】根据文中第一段的描述可知一开始这个农场是一个破烂不堪、长满野草的地方，故选D。
2.
A
【命题意图】句意理解题。
【解题思路】根据文中画线句子及语境可知这个牧师认为这个农民把这个农场收拾好是不可能的，故选A。
3.
D
【命题意图】细节理解题。
【解题思路】根据第三段的描述可知选D。A
It
was
the
end
of
my
junior
year,
the
weekend
before
a
dance.
I
was
riding
with
some
friends,
and
everyone
was
drinking
from
a
bottle.
When
the
bottle
got
to
me,
I
drank
too.
I
did
not
realize
that
it
was
the
biggest
mistake
of
my
life.
I
had
to
drive
home
later
that
night.

I
went
back
to
my
car,
got
in
and
drove
off.
When
I
saw
a
policeman
sitting
in
the
parking
lot
and
his
headlights
turning
on,
I
knew
he
was
going
to
follow
me.
Oh
no,
that
swig!
＂Can
I
see
your
license,
please,
Miss?＂the
policeman
asked
me.
I
gave
it
to
him.
He
went
back
to
his
car
for
a
while.
When
he
returned,
he
asked
if
I
had
been
drinking.
＂No,＂I
said.
He
asked
me
to
walk
out
of
my
car.

He
told
me
to
do
some
actions,
and
I
didn’t
do
them
well.
Then
he
asked
me
to
take
a
breathalyzer（酒精测试器）test.
That
was
where
I
messed
up.
I
told
him
I
didn’t
want
to.
The
officer
asked
me
three
more
times,
and
I
continued
to
refuse.
He
told
me
to
turn
around
and
place
my
hands
behind
my
back.
He
arrested
me
right
then
and
there.
I’ll
have
to
take
a
driving
test
again.

This
was
a
huge
learning
experience
for
me.
It
opened
my
eyes
to
how
easy
it
is
to
make
a
stupid
decision.
I
want
everyone
reading
this
to
know
that
it’s
not
right
to
drink
and
drive.
It
isn’t
worth
losing
your
license
over.
1.
What
mistake
did
the
writer
make?A.
She
rode
with
her
friends.B.
She
was
too
young
to
drink.C.
She
drank
and
then
drove
a
car.D.
She
didn’t
take
her
driving
license.
2.
When
did
the
writer
realize
her
mistake?A.
When
she
drank
from
the
bottle.
B.
After
she
got
into
her
car.C.
As
soon
as
she
saw
the
policeman.

D.
When
the
policeman
went
over
to
her.
3.
Which
of
the
following
is
TRUE
according
to
the
passage?A.
She
passed
the
breathalyzer
test.B.
She
lost
her
driving
license
for
drinking.C.
She
kept
silent
in
front
of
the
policeman.D.
She
drove
back
home
as
usual
that
night.
4.
What
does
the
writer
want
to
tell
us?A.
Don’t
drive
after
drinking.B.
Don’t
argue（争论）with
a
policeman.C.
Everyone
has
to
follow
the
rules.D.
Be
careful
while
we
are
driving.
B
Once
upon
a
time,
there
was
a
spider
with
the
name
Anansi.
He
knew
that
he
was
very
clever
but
he
also
knew
he
wasn’t
wise.
He
didn’t
like
this,
but
he
did
not
know
what
to
do.
One
day
he
had
an
idea.
He
went
around
the
village
with
a
basket
and
asked
people
to
give
him
some
of
their
wisdom.
Each
person
put
a
bit
in
his
basket
and
wished
him
good
luck.
Soon
his
basket
was
full,
but
Anansi
was
worried
that
his
neighbors
might
be
jealous
(嫉妒)
of
his
wisdom
and
take
it
from
him.
He
decided
to
hide
it
at
the
top
of
a
tall
tree.
When
he
had
tied
the
basket
to
the
front
part
of
his
body,
he
tried
to
climb
the
tree,
but
it
was
too
difficult.
He
tried
again
and
again
without
success.
Then
his
youngest
son
walked
by.
＂What
are
you
doing,
father?＂
he
asked
and
Anansi
told
him.
＂Why
don’t
you
carry
the
basket
on
your
back
instead?＂
his
son
said.
Anansi
put
the
basket
on
his
back
and
climbed
the
tree
easily,
but
he
wasn’t
happy.
＂I
walked
all
over
the
village
and
collected
so
much
wisdom
that
I
am
the
wisest
person
ever,
but
my
baby
son
is
still
wiser
than
me.
Take
back
your
wisdom!＂
he
said.
And
he
threw
the
basket
of
wisdom
into
the
air
and
went
home.
And
that’s
how
wisdom
went
all
over
the
world.
5.
Anansi
went
around
the
village
because____________.A.
he
knew
he
was
very
clever
B.
he
wanted
to
show
his
good
luckC.
he
hoped
to
meet
his
son
D.
he
wanted
to
ask
people
for
wisdom
6.
Anansi
wanted
to
get
his
wisdom
from____________.A.
his
son

B.
his
father

C.
the
villagers
D.
the
neighbors
7.
The
underlined
word
＂it＂
in
Paragraph
2
refers
to
(指的是)____________
.A.
the
tree

B.
the
basket

C.
the
luck

D.
the
wisdom
8.
The
passage
above
is
_____________.A.
a
report

B.
a
storyC.
an
advertisement
D.
a
diary
9.
The
best
title
for
the
passage
would
be
＂____________＂.A.
Anansi’s
wisdom

B.
The
wisdom
of
Anansi’s
sonC.
Anansi
and
his
son

D.
Anansi
and
the
villagersA
【文章大意】本文作者讲述了自己酒后驾车的一次经历，驾照被吊销，告诫人们酒后不要驾车。
1.
C
【命题意图】细节理解题。
【解题思路】根据第一段中的When
the
bottle
got
to
me,
I
drank
too.
I
did
not
realize
that
it
was
the
biggest
mistake
of
my
life.
I
had
to
drive
home
later
that
night.可知，作者犯了酒后驾车的错误。故选C。
2.
C
【命题意图】细节理解题。
【解题思路】根据第二段可知，作者一看到警察，意识到了自己的错误。故选C。
3.
B
【命题意图】推理判断题。
【解题思路】根据第四段中的I’ll
have
to
take
a
driving
test
again.可知，作者又要参加驾驶考试了，说明失去了驾照。故选B。
4.
A
【命题意图】推理判断题。
【解题思路】根据最后一段可知，本文作者主要想告诉人们：酒后不该驾车。故选A。
B
【文章大意】本文讲述了名叫Anansi的蜘蛛从村民那里收集了很多智慧，放在一个篮子里，当他想要把这篮子智慧藏到树上时，发现很难上树。他的儿子让他背着篮子上去，他原以为自己最聪明，但是他的儿子仍然比他聪明。于是，他把一篮子智慧扔在空中，这样智慧到了世界各地。
5.
D
【命题意图】细节理解题。
【解题思路】根据He
went
around
the
village
with
a
basket
and
asked
people
to
give
him
some
of
their
wisdom.
Each
person
put
a
bit
in
his
basket
and
wished
him
good
luck.
可知，Anansi去村里是为了让人们给它一些智慧。故选D。
6.
C
【命题意图】细节理解题。
【解题思路】根据He
went
around
the
village
with
a
basket
and
asked
people
to
give
him
some
of
their
wisdom.可知它是从村民哪里获得智慧的。故选C。
7.
D
【命题意图】词义猜测题。
【解题思路】根据Soon
his
basket
was
full,
but
Anansi
was
worried
that
his
neighbors
might
be
jealous
(嫉妒)
of
his
wisdom
and
take
it
from
him.可知他担心他的邻居会妒忌他的智慧，拿走它，故此处的it指的是wisdom。故选D。
8.
B
【命题意图】推理判断题。
【解题思路】根据文中讲述了一个蜘蛛收集智慧，藏智慧，然后扔了智慧的故事，故选B。
9.
A
【命题意图】标题归纳题。
【解题思路】本文讲述了一个名叫Anansi的蜘蛛收集智慧，藏智慧，然后扔了智慧的故事，故选A。1.
邻居家有只二哈，今天早上我在它吃狗
粮时吓了它一下。晚上时门没关好，二哈悄悄潜了进来，蹲在饭桌下。等我坐下吃饭时，二哈＂嗖＂地从饭桌下窜了出来，吓得我差点把饭碗扔了。
2.
学校一群舍友去食堂吃饭。第一个说：＂一份排骨，一份米饭。＂第二个说：＂阿姨，给我来一份和前面那个二货一样的。＂第三个说：＂我也要和那两个二货一样的饭。＂到我了，还没开口，阿姨就问：＂你也要二货套餐吗？＂

测试要求
命题特点
1.
理解和把握文章的主旨大意、段落大意和中心思想的能力。
2.
理解和把握文章具体信息来获取有关信息的能力，及根据上下文提供的语境推测生词词义、句意，进而加深对文章的理解的能力。
3.
根据文章进行简单的数字推算和计算的能力。
4.
既要理解词、短语、句子和文章的表层意思，又要理解其深层含义和抽象概念的能力。
5.
理解全篇的逻辑关系，根据已知信息进行合理的推理判断和预测新信息的能力。
初中英语试题中的阅读文章题材丰富(涉及政治经济、社会文化、风俗习惯、历史地理、科学技术等各个方面)，体裁多样(包括记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文以及新闻报道、广告、通知、操作说明、表格等)。中考阅读理解要求学生能较快地通过阅读理解短文大意，获取其中的主要信息，能作出正确判断，然后根据试题的要求从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案或作出正误判断。文章的难易程度和初三课文基本相同，要求阅读速度为每分钟40—50个词。预计2020年中考仍然会沿袭往年的风格，题材丰富，体裁多样，主要考查学生的语篇阅读能力、分析和判断能力。说明类阅读理解仍会占很大一席。说明文阅读理解的特征
一般说来，英语说明文与其他文体一样，文章所涉及的内容不外乎以下几个方面，即who
→
what
→
when
→
where
→
how
→
why。

1.
who：问的是这篇文章的主体是谁？（即所要说明和描述的人或事物）

2.
what：问的是主体做了什么事情？（即主体表现出的特性、功能和用途）

3.
when和where：是在何时何地发生的？（即何时何地所表现出的特性、功能和用途）

4.
how：通过什么方式表现出来的？

5.
why：这种特性功能用途的原因是什么？

做说明文阅读理解题的时候，一定要记住上面的wh-word。边阅读，边搜记，牢记要点，把握全文。
说明文阅读理解的解题技巧
阅读说明类文章重在把握被说明事物各因素之间的联系，如因果、条件、从属、并列等；以及说明方法，如定义、例释、类比等。考生应加强此类文章的阅读训练，不断提高判断、归纳、分析和解决问题的能力。首先我们平时要多关注科学题材的文章，了解一些基本的科普知识；其次，在阅读时要注意实验的
目的和结果，不能凭想象和猜测下结论；对于较难理解的句子要利用语法结构去分析；最后，要利用文章特点找准主题句，把握中心，从而一一破解题目。
一、解题技巧
技巧一
快速读题，正确理解题干，定位关键词，带着问题读文章。
技巧二
运用正确的阅读策略，变速阅读文章，学会处理文中的冗余信息。
技巧三
注意特殊语言现象，在含有关键词的句子处标上题号。
技巧四
注意正确项和干扰项的特征，回到文中确定答案。
技巧五
合理猜测，推敲生词的含义。
技巧六
符合题目要求，对信息进行必要的加工处理。
二、解题方法
先读懂文章，然后按顺序答题。此方法适合内容较易于理解和记忆的文章。
先读试题再读文章，这样我们可以带着问题有的放矢地阅读文章，迅速选出答案。
先阅读一篇文章，把握中心大意，然后开始答题，对暂时确定不了的答案，可回读文章的有关内容并对其进行分析、推敲后再确定。
对拿不准的答案，可先逐项排除自己有把握的错误选项，再将剩下的答案进行比较、筛选，直到确定最佳答案。
三、注意事项
1.
限时阅读：严格控制做题时间，具体到每一篇文章，通过有意识的训练，达到时间分配上的合理性。
2.
带着问题读：先快速浏览一遍题目，再开始阅读文章，有针对性的阅读会提升速度。
3.
找对应词句：中考阅读理解的答案都会聚焦到文章的词或句子上，在做题时找到相应的原文，并进行勾勒、标注，重点理解，有助于排除疑虑，且方便检查。
4.
重点注意首段、尾段、首句、尾句：中考阅读理解的材料都是有鲜明的中心句的，把握好中心句有助于全篇的理解。中心句通常位于首段、尾段、首句或尾句，需要特别注意。
5.
理解作者意图：切勿将自己的意图强加到文章中，特别是在做主旨大意题时。
6.
注重原文：要尊重原材料中的信息、观点，并在此基础上答题；不要理所当然、凭主观臆断答题，不要钻牛角尖。?典例一
【2019
?
湖北省荆门市】
What
does
it
take
to
graduate
from
university?
Some
papers
or
high
scores
in
exams?
Well,
these
are
not
enough
if
you
are
a
student
at
Tsinghua
University.
According
to
a
new
rule
of
the
university,
students
must
prove
(证明)
themselves
in
the
swimming
pool.
They
need
to
pass
a
swimming
test
of
at
least
50
meters,
and
those
who
fail
the
test
will
be
required
to
take
a
swimming
course
throughout
their
school
years.
By
the
time
they
graduate,
they
will
have
known
how
to
swim;
otherwise
they
can’t
graduate
with
their
bachelor’s
degrees(学士学位).

The
news
made
waves
in
Chinese
social
media
(媒体).
Some
people
praised
the
university
for
requiring
a
necessary
skill
that
can
save
lives,
and
they
also
believed
that
the
rule
would
help
improve
students’
health.
However,
others
questioned
if
it
was
fair
to
expect
those
who
come
from
inland
cities
(内陆城市)
to
be
able
to
swim.

In
fact,
this
is
not
a
new
rule.
Tsinghua
University
first
made
swimming
a
requirement
in
1919
but
later
gave
it
up
because
the
number
of
students
became
too
large
and
there
were
not
enough
swimming
pools
in
the
school
for
them
to
learn
swimming.

Anyway,
it
is
still
good
news
that
Chinese
students’
health
has
become
more
and
more
valued.
Why
not
just
take
this
chance
to
learn
one
more
life-saving
ability?
26.
According
to
the
passage,
what
does
it
take
for
a
student
to
graduate
from
Tsinghua
university?
A.
Some
papers.
B.
High
scores
in
exams.
C.
Passing
a
swimming
test.
D.
All
of
the
above.
27.
The
underlined
phrase
＂made
waves＂
in
Paragraph
3
most
probably
means
_________.
A.
caused
a
heated
discussion
B.
spread
widely
C.
made
a
requirement
D.
proved
the
rule
28.
Why
did
Tsinghua
University
once
give
up
the
rule?
①
Because
many
students
failed
the
swimming
test.
②
Because
some
people
disagreed
with
the
rule.
③
Because
there
were
too
many
students.
④
Because
there
were
not
enough
swimming
pools.
A.
①②
B.
②③
C.
③④
D.
①④
29.
What
is
the
passage
mainly
about?
A.
Different
people
hold
different
opinions
about
a
new
rule.
B.
Tsinghua
University
has
made
a
new
rule
of
graduation.
C.
Chinese
students’
health
should
be
more
and
more
valued.
D.
There
is
a
new
chance
to
learn
another
life-saving
ability.
【文章大意】本文是新闻类阅读，介绍了清华大学的一项新规定，清华学生需通过50米游泳测试才能毕业，这一消息一经立即在社会上引发强烈关注。
26.
D【解析】题意：根据这篇文章，一个学生从清华大学毕业需要什么条件?考查细节理解。根据第一段和第二段They
need
to
pass
a
swimming
test
of
at
least
50
meters,
and
those
who
fail
the
test
will
be
required
to
take
a
swimming
course
throughout
their
school
years.可知，除了毕业论文和考高分外，清华学生必须通过至少50米的游泳测试才能毕业，ABC三项都是必须条件，故选D。
27.
A【解析】题意：第3段中的划线短语＂make
waves＂很可能意味着_________。考查词义理解。划线短语make
waves本意是＂兴风作浪＂，根据段中赞成和质疑两种态度的对比，可知这一消息在社会上引起了激烈的讨论，caused
a
heated
discussion符合段意，故选A。
28.
C【解析】题意：为什么清华大学曾经放弃这一规则?①因为许多学生没有游泳测试。②因为一些人不同意这个规则。③因为有太多的学生。④因为没有足够的游泳池。考查细节判断。根据Tsinghua
University
first
made
swimming
a
requirement
in
1919
but
later
gave
it
up
because
the
number
of
students
became
too
large
and
there
were
not
enough
swimming
pools
in
the
school
for
them
to
learn
swimming.可知，后来由于学生人数过多，学校里没有足够的游泳池供他们学习游泳，清华大学放弃了这一规则，③④两点符合文意，故选C。
29.
B【解析】题意：这篇文章主要讲的是什么?考查文意理解。根据短文，可知本文报道的是清华学生需通过50米游泳测试才能毕业这一消息在社会上引发的强烈关注，Tsinghua
University
has
made
a
new
rule
of
graduation.符合文意，故选B。

典例二
【2019
?
贵州省安顺市】
For
many
years,
sales
of
garlic
in
California
had
been
little
because
of
the
much
cheaper
garlic
from
China.
This
year,
however,
California
garlic
sales
are
rising
because
American
government
increases
tariffs（关税）on
Chinese
products.
Christopher,
a
garlic
grower
in
California,
is
manager
of
his
company
and
he
said,
“In
a
perfect
world,
we
would
love
to
see
the
tariffs
on
China.“
Tariffs
on
Chinese
garlic
rose
from
10%
to
25%
on
May
9,2019,and
the
reason
is
that
U.S
President
Donald
Trump
increased
tariffs
on
Chinese
products
worth
of
$200
billion.
Since
then,
Chinese
buyers
have
almost
stopped
buying
soybeans
from
the
United
States
and
American
soybean
farmers
are
now
getting
worried.
Not
everyone
likes
the
garlic
tariffs
in
the
U.S.
Last
July
Christopher
expressed
his
support
on
Trump’s
policy（政策）.
However,
officials
from
McCormick
and
Company
Inc.
didn’t
agree
with
the
policy.
McCormick’s
CEO,
Lawrence
told
Reuters（路透社）that
without
Chinese
garlic
America
can’t
go.
Actually
,the
trade
war（贸易战）
between
China
and
America
is
a
sign
of
American
hegemony（霸权）,and
it
will
destroy
American
economy
and
U.S
government
will
lose
its
trust
from
other
countries
in
the
world.
21.
From
the
passage
we
infer（推理）that
___________.
A.
America
is
buying
garlic
from
China
as
much
as
before
B.
American
soybean
farmers
make
money
as
much
as
before
C.
China
is
still
buying
crops
from
America
as
much
as
before
D.
Garlic
growers
in
California
are
making
more
money
than
before
22.
Why
is
less
Chinese
garlic
bought
by
America
this
year?
A.
Because
enough
garlic
is
grown
in
California.
B.
Because
American
government
has
increased
tax（税收）on
Chinese
garlic.
C.
Because
China
is
not
buying
soybeans
from
America.
D.
Because
companies
support
American
government.
23.
What
does
the
underlined
word
“it“
in
the
last
paragraph
refer
to?
A.
China
B.
the
trade
C.
American
hegemony
D.
a
sign
24.
How
much
tariff
did
American
government
increase
on
Chinese
garlic
On
May
9,2019?
A.
15％
B.
25％
C.
10％
D.
35％
25.
According
to
the
passage,
who
disagrees
with
the
America
policy
of
having
tariffs
on
Chinese
products?
A.
Christopher
B.
Donald
Trump
C.
California
garlic
growers
D.
Lawrence
【文章大意】本文通过大蒜谈论中美贸易战。
21.
D【解析】推理判断题。根据第1段For
many
years,
sales
of
garlic
in
California
had
been
little
because
of
the
much
cheaper
garlic
from
China.
This
year,
however,
California
garlic
sales
are
rising
because
American
government
increases
tariffs（关税）on
Chinese
products.（多年来，由于中国的大蒜价格便宜得多，加州的大蒜销量一直很低。然而，今年，加州大蒜的销量正在上升，因为美国政府提高了对中国产品的关税。）可以推断出加州的大蒜种植者比以前赚了更多的钱；故选D。
22.
B【解析】细节理解题。根据第3段第1句Tariffs
on
Chinese
garlic
rose
from
10%
to
25%
on
May
9,2019,（2019年5月9日，中国大蒜的关税从10%上升到25%）可知今年美国购买的中国大蒜比较少是因为美国政府增加了对中国大蒜的税收；故选B。
23.
C【解析】细节理解题。此句Actually
,the
trade
war（贸易战）between
China
and
America
is
a
sign
of
American
hegemony（霸权）,and
it
will
destroy
American
economy
and
U.S
government
will
lose
its
trust
from
other
countries
in
the
world.句意是：事实上，中美贸易战是美国霸权的标志，它将摧毁美国经济，美国政府将失去世界各国的信任。根据句意可知it指代＂美国霸权＂；故选C。
24.
A【解析】细节理解题。根据第3段第1句Tariffs
on
Chinese
garlic
rose
from
10%
to
25%
on
May
9,2019,（2019年5月9日，中国大蒜的关税从10%上升到25%）可知2019年5月9日，美国政府对中国大蒜增加了15%关税；故选A。
25.
D【解析】细节理解题。根据第4段第3句McCormick’s
CEO,
Lawrence
told
Reuters（路透社）that
without
Chinese
garlic
America
can’t
go.（麦考密克的首席执行官劳伦斯告诉路透社，没有中国大蒜，美国就不行。）可知，Lawrence（劳伦斯）不同意美国对中国产品征收关税的政策；故选D。
典例三

(2018·安徽中考)
Would
you
like
to
live
in
a
city
where
buildings
turn
the
lights
off
for
you,
and
self-driving
cars
will
find
the
nearest
parking
space
themselves?
Although
it
might
sound
a
little
far
from
you,
living
in
a
“smart“
city
like
this
could
happen
sooner
than
you
think.
Great
changes
have
taken
place
in
towns
that
we
have
lived
in
for
centuries,
while
completely
new
cities
are
being
built.
One
such
place
is
the
city
of
Songdo.
Every
home
there
will
have
a
“telepresence
system(远程遥控系统)—allowing
users
to
control
the
heating
and
locks,
take
part
in
video
meetings,
and
receive
education,
health
care
and
government
services.
Around
the
city,
escalators
(自动扶梯)
will
only
move
when
someone
is
on
them,
and
offices
and
schools
will
all
be
connected
to
the
system.
The
great
mind
behind
Songdo
is
from
the
company
Cisco.
In
fact,
technology
companies
around
the
world
such
as
IBM,
Siemens
and
Microsoft
are
already
in
the
business.
About
75%
of
the
world’s
population
will
live
in
cities
by
2050,
so
cities
will
need
to
be
more
modern
to
deal
with
the
coming
problems.
Making
cities
smarter
is
one
way
out,
and
I
think
this
will
in
turn
make
cities
greener,
said
Dan
Hill,
head
of
a
research
company.
53.
According
to
the
text,
living
in
a
“smart“
city
____________.
A.
is
not
a
green
way
B.
will
be
far
from
you
C.
will
soon
become
true
D.
is
completely
impossible
54.
What
is
Paragraph
2
mainly
about?
A.
A
city
of
the
future.
B.
A
meeting
in
Songdo.
C.
A
plan
to
build
a
house.
D.
A
report
on
public
health.
55.
Which
company
offers
the
great
mind
to
build
Songdo?
A.
Cisco.

B.
IBM.

C.
Siemens.yagnoOLED.

D.
Microsoft.
56.
Dan
Hill
thinks
that
making
cities
smarter
is
one
way
to
____________.
A.
drive
people
out
of
citiesB.
control
the
world’s
population
C.
develop
his
own
companyD.
solve
the
cities’
coming
problems
57.
Which
of
the
following
might
be
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A.
Future
Education
B.
Smart
Cities
C.
Government
Services
D.
Famous
Companies
【文章大意】文章讲述了未来的智能城市的生活情况。
53.
C【解析】根据living
in
a
＂smart＂
city
like
this
could
happen
sooner
than
you
think可知生活在智能城市里，不久就会实现；故选C。
54.
A【解析】根据第二段的内容可知，主要讲述未来的生活是什么样的；故选A。
55.
A【解析】根据The
great
mind
behind
Songdo
is
from
the
company
Cisco可知选A。
56.
D【解析】根据so
cities
will
need
to
be
more
modern
to
deal
with
the
coming
problems.
Making
cities
smarter
is
one
way
out,
and
I
think
this
will
in
turn
make
cities
greener,
said
Dan
Hill可知认为是解决城市问题的一个方法；故选D。
57.
B【解析】根据文章讲述了未来的智能城市的生活情况。故选B。A（2019年瑞安市玉海实验中学九年级上期中）
About
96%
of
young
people
in
the
UK
usually
use
the
internet
to
communicate
according
to
a
survey
of
24,000
British
people
aged
9—11.
A
report
shows
that
only
40%
of
young
people
know
that
personal
information
shared
online
stays
online
forever.
There
are
about
250
million
tweets
generated
every
day
and
around
800
million
Facebook
users
—
that
means
a
lot
of
information
is
shared
online.
So
are
young
using
the
internet
safely?
Do
you
know
how
to
change
your
privacy
settings
on
social
media?
For
example,
you
can
click
the
＂flower’
icon＂or
＂settings＂
on
Facebook
to
get
to
your
privacy
settings.
Then
you
can
decide
who
sees
your
posts
and
personal
information:
friends,
friends
of
friends
or
everyone.
Do
you
want
everyone
in
the
world
to
be
able
to
see
your
email
address
or
just
friends?
The
BBC
Share
Take
Care
campaign
is
all
about
helping
everybody,
from
little
kids
to
the
over
55s,
to
make
their
online
activity
safer
and
protect
themselves
on
the
web.
The
campaign
says
adults
and
teenagers
need
to
be
more
careful
with
personal
information
and
images
online.
Everybody
knows
that
we
should
be
polite
and
kind
to
people
in
real
life
and
online.
Unluckily
this
doesn’t
always
happen.
Where
can
you
report
online
abuse
or
unkind
messages
to
yourself
or
your
friends?
Do
you
know
how
to
report
such
messages
online?
For
example,
if
you
see
an
unkind
tweet
on
Twitter
you
can
click
on＂more＂
and
then
choose
＂Report
tweet＂.
You
then
block
all
further
tweets
from
that
user.
1.
How
many
young
people
know
shared
information
stays
online
forever
according
to
the
report?A.
Very
few.B.
Less
than
a
half.C.
More
than
a
half.

D.
Almost
everyone
2.
The
second
paragraph
mainly
tells
us
___________.A.
how
to
use
FacebookB.
how
to
change
our
email
addressC.
how
to
change
our
privacy
settingsD.
how
to
protect
our
personal
information
3.
What’s
the
purpose
of
the
BBC
Share
Take
Care
campaign?A.
To
help
adults
to
surf
the
Internet.B.
To
help
people
to
stay
safe
online.C.
To
help
kids
to
protect
themselves
online.D.
To
help
teenagers
to
be
careful
with
their
information
4.
When
you
see
an
unkind
message,
you
are
advised
to
___________.A.
save
it

B.
forget
it

C.
ignore
it

D.
report
it
B（河南省郑州地区2019年中招第二次模拟考试）Many
people
keep
small
fish
as
pets.
They
keep
them
in
a
tank
of
water.
The
tank
is
made
of
clear
glass.
People
can
look
through
it.
They
can
see
inside
the
tank
and
watch
the
fish.
The
fish
need
room.
They
must
not
be
crowded.
Fish
need
oxygen(O2)
to
breathe.
Fish
get
it
from
water
in
the
tank.
There
must
be
enough
water
for
all
fish.
So
the
size
of
the
tank
is
important.
In
the
tank
many
people
put
small
plants
that
are
good
for
fish.
They
give
oxygen
to
the
water.
Plants
help
in
other
ways,
too.
Fish
can
nibble（轻咬）on
the
plants.
They
hide
among
the
plants
and
sleep,
lay
eggs
there.
The
plants
need
light.
Most
fish
need
light
too.
The
tank
may
be
put
near
a
window.
It
will
get
light
there.
Another
place
might
be
better,
though.
A
window
may
let
cold
air
in.
The
water
in
the
tank
may
get
too
cold.
The
fish
may
die
because
cold
water
can
kill
them.
So
can
hot
water.
The
temperature
must
be
just
right.
The
fish
must
be
kept
in
water
all
the
time.
Some
fish
can
jump
high.
They
may
jump
out
of
the
tank.
The
tank
should
be
covered.
This
keeps
the
fish
from
jumping
out.
The
fish
need
food
and
they
should
be
fed
every
day.
Giving
them
too
much
food
is
bad.
The
extra（额外的）food
will
fall
to
the
bottom
and
make
the
water
dirty.
However,
the
fish
should
get
just
enough
food.

They
should
finish
the
food
in
10
minutes.
Nothing
should
be
left.
When
this
happens,
the
amount（数量）of
food
is
right.
5.
A
tank
near
the
window
may
NOT
be
good
for
pet
fish
because
___________.
A.
no
air
can
get
in
through
the
window

B.
pet
fish
will
jump
out
of
the
window
C.
plants
in
the
tank
will
grow
too
big

D.
cold
air
may
make
the
water
too
cold
6.
__________
is
the
least
important
to
pet
fish.
A.
Water
temperature

B.
Sunlight
C.
The
amount
of
food

D.
The
size
of
the
tank
7.
Which
of
the
following
may
cause
pet
fish
to
die?
A.
Too
little
room
for
fish.

B.
The
plants
in
the
tank.
C.
The
light
through
the
window.

D.
A
lot
of
water
in
the
tank.
8.
The
word
＂this＂
in
the
last
paragraph
refers
to（指的是）___________.
A.
giving
pet
fish
too
much
food

B.
giving
pet
fish
too
little
food
C.
giving
pet
fish
the
right
amount
of
food

D.
giving
pet
fish
neither
too
cold
nor
too
hot
water
9.
This
passage
mainly
talks
about
_________.
A.
why
fish
must
be
put
in
a
glass
tank

B.
how
people
should
keep
their
pet
fish
C.
what
kind
of
plants
is
good
for
pet
fish

D.
how
much
food
should
be
given
to
pet
fishA
【文章大意】本文介绍了如何在网上保护自己的隐私以及如何安全上网。
1.
B
【命题意图】细节理解题。
【解题思路】根据A
report
shows
that
only
40%
of
young
people
know
that
personal
information
shared
online
stays
online
forever.
可知只有40%，也就是不到一半的年轻人知道个人信息在网上共享，永远保持在线，故选B。
2.
C
【命题意图】归纳概括题。
【解题思路】根据Do
you
know
how
to
change
your
privacy
settings
on
social
media?可知第二段主要讲述了如何改变我们的隐私设置，故选C。
3.
B
【命题意图】细节理解题。
【解题思路】根据The
BBC
Share
Take
Care
campaign
is
all
about
helping
everybody,
from
little
kids
to
the
over
55,
to
make
their
online
activity
safer
and
protect
themselves
on
the
web.可知BBC＂关爱行动＂是为了帮助人们安全上网，故选B。
4.
C
【命题意图】推理判断题。
【解题思路】根据For
example,
if
you
see
an
unkind
tweet
on
Twitter
you
can
click
on
＂more＂
and
then
choose
＂Report
tweet＂.
You
then
block
all
further
tweets
from
that
user.可知当你看见不友善的短文，你可以选择了解更多，也可以阻止读该短文，也就是忽视它，故选C。
B
【文章大意】本文是一篇科普文，介绍了人们应该如何饲养他们的宠物鱼。
5.
D【解析】题意：靠近窗户的水箱可能不适合宠物鱼，因为冷空气可能会使水太冷。考查细节理解。根据A
window
may
let
cold
air
in.
The
water
in
the
tank
may
get
too
cold.
The
fish
may
die
because
cold
water
can
kill
them.（窗户可以让冷空气进来，水箱里的水可能会变冷而冷水可能会杀死宠物鱼），可知选D。
6.
B【解析】题意：阳光对宠物鱼来说是最不重要的。考查细节理解。根据The
tank
may
be
put
near
a
window.
It
will
get
light
there.
Another
place
might
be
better,
though.（水箱可以放在靠近窗户的地方。那里会亮起来的。不过，换个地方可能会更好），可知阳光对于宠物鱼不太重要，故选B。
7.
A【解析】题意：下列哪项可能导致观赏鱼死亡?考查细节判断。根据The
fish
need
room.
They
must
not
be
crowded.
Fish
need
oxygen(O2)
to
breathe.，可知狭小的空间会导致缺氧，鱼缺氧会导致死亡，故选A。
8.
C【解析】题意：最后一段中的＂this＂指___________。考查词义理解。根据上文Nothing
should
be
left.，可知食物的数量正好，故选C。
9.
B【解析】题意：这篇文章主要讲的是___________。考查主旨理解。根据短文内容，介绍了如何饲养宠物鱼，可知how
people
should
keep
their
pet
fish符合文意，故选B。A
You
are
visiting
the
Eiffel
Tower
in
France,
but
the
next
second
you
are
in
Thailand.
Then,
suddenly
you
may
have
dinner
with
Barack
Obama
in
America.
But
you
are
not
dreaming.
This
is
what
might
happen
in
the
near
future.
With
the
help
of
virtual
reality
(VR，虚拟现实)
technology,
a
lot
of
changes
are
taking
place
in
our
life.
VR
is
a
computer
technology
that
makes
an
environment
and
allows
users
to
see
and
even
interact(互动)
with
it.
Just
wear
a
pair
of
VR
glasses
joined
to
your
computer
and
you
can
experience
a
lot
of
things
without
stepping
out
of
your
room.
＂The
most
interesting
part
of
VR
is
that
it
offers
an
immersive(身临其境的)
experience,＂
said
Wang
Bing,
leader
of
the
Chinese
entertainment
company
Funshow.＂That’s
why
VR
movies
are
popular
among
users.
You
become
a
part
of
the
story.＂According
to
the
Report
on
Chinese
VR
Users’
Behavior
last
month,
over
960,000
people
in
China
have
bought
VR
products
and
83.2
percent
of
them
have
watched
VR
movies.
VR
can
also
be
used
in
some
other
ways.
It
can
help
to
train
workers
before
they
have
to
work
in
highly
dangerous
environments.
VR
also
helps
patients
with
acrophobia(恐高症)
by
making
them
think
they
are
standing
on
the
top
of
a
tall
building.
However,
VR
technology
still
has
a
long
way
to
go.
Users
report
feeling
sick
while
wearing
VR
glasses.
Maybe
it
could
take
a
period
of
time
for
VR
to
be
widely
used
around
the
world.
1.
With
a
pair
of
VR
__________,
users
can
experience
many
things
at
home.
A.
eyes

B.
shoes
C.
glasses
D.
ears

2.
VR
movies
are
very
popular
because
they
make
the
users
___________.
A.
become
much
healthier
B.
stand
on
the
top
of
a
tall
building
C.
become
a
part
of
the
story
D.
work
in
dangerous
environments

3.
To
be
widely
used,
VR
glasses
must
solve
the
problem
of
___________.
A.
making
people
feel
sick
B.
providing
an
unreal
environment
C.
costing
too
much
money
D.
taking
a
long
time
to
join
to
the
computer4.
The
best
title
of
the
passage
may
be
＂__________
＂.
A.
Traveling
with
VR
B.
VR
Changes
Our
Life

C.
VR
Movies
Get
PopularD.
VR
Needs
to
Be
Developed

B
Different
gestures(手势)
mean
different
things
in
different
countries.
Sometimes
a
gesture
that
is
polite
in
one
country
is
not
polite
in
another
and
should
not
be
used.
Different
meanings
of
gestures
can
also
cause
problems
in
understanding
what
another
person
is
trying
to
say.
A
gesture
that
many
people
do
not
understand
is
one
that
uses
the
thumb.
Most
westerners
will
sometimes
show
that
they
like
something
by
holding
out
a
closed
hand
with
the
thumb
lifting
in
the
air.
This
is
called
give
someone
or
something
＂the
thumbs
up＂.
Often,
only
one
thumb
is
used,
so
it
should
be
＂the
thumb
up＂.

The
usual
explanation(解释)
for
the
origin
of
this
gesture
is
not
really
correct.
It
says
that
in
ancient
Roman
times,
when
people
were
pleased
with
the
way
a
gladiator(角斗士)
had
fought,
they
showed
their
thumbs
up.
When
they
were
not
pleased,
they
gave
the
thumbs
down.
When
a
gladiator
was
given
the
thumbs
up,
the
emperor
allowed
him
to
live.
When
a
gladiator
was
given
the
thumbs
down,
the
emperor
ordered
him
to
be
killed.

The
truth
is,
however,
it
was
translated
into
a
wrong
meaning
by
mistake.
If
people
wanted
to
save
the
gladiator,
they
put
out
their
hands
and
hid
their
thumbs
in
their
hands.
If
they
wanted
the
gladiator
to
die,
they
pointed
their
thumbs
straight
at
him.
1.
Westerners
lift
their
thumbs
when
they
________.A.
want
someone
to
die

B.
like
somethingC.
want
to
go
to
a
playground
D.
want
someone
to
live
2.
Most
people
think
that
in
ancient
Rome,
＂thumbs
up＂
meant
that
________.A.
the
emperor
could
dieB.
the
people
wanted
the
gladiator
to
liveC.
the
fighting
could
continueD.
the
people
were
not
pleased
3.
In
fact,
if
people
wanted
a
gladiator
to
live,
they
________.A.
hid
their
thumbs
B.
pointed
their
thumbs
downC.
lifted
their
thumbs
up
D.
pointed
their
thumbs
at
him
4.
From
the
article
we
know
that
________.A.
different
gestures
have
different
meanings
in
different
countriesB.
a
friendly
gesture
is
always
the
same
in
different
countriesC.
the
meaning
of
＂thumbs
up＂
is
the
same
both
now
and
the
pastD.
we
should
often
use
the
thumbs
5.
The
main
idea
of
this
article
is
about
________.A.
gestures
around
the
worldB.
closed
thumbsC.
gestures
in
ancient
RomeD.
the
thumbs-up
gestureA
【文章大意】本文介绍了VR技术的应用及其神奇之处，也指出了其不足——戴VR眼镜时不舒服。
1.
C
【命题意图】细节理解题。
【解题思路】根据第二段第二句＂Just
wear
a
pair
of
VR
glasses
joined
to
your
computer
and
you
can
experience
a
lot
of
things
without
stepping
out
of
your
room.＂可知应该是使用VR眼镜。故选C。
2.
C
【命题意图】细节理解题。
【解题思路】根据＂The
most
interesting
part
of
VR
is
that
it
offers
an
immersive
(身临其境的)
experience,＂和＂You
become
a
part
of
the
story.＂可知VR电影很受欢迎是因为它们使用户身临其境，仿佛成了故事中的一员。故选C。
3.
A
【命题意图】推理判断题。
【解题思路】根据最后一段内容可知VR眼镜会使人感觉不舒服，因此必须解决这个问题，VR才能广受欢迎。
4.
B
【命题意图】主旨大意题。
【解题思路】本文主要介绍了VR技术及其应用，第一段中的＂With
the
help
of
virtual
reality
(VR,
虚拟现实)
technology,
a
lot
of
changes
are
taking
place
in
our
life.＂是文章的主旨，因此B项(VR改变了我们的生活)作为标题最佳。
B
【文章大意】文章主要讲述了一个手势在不同的国家有不同的意思。
1.
B
【命题意图】细节理解题。
【解题思路】根据Most
westerners
will
sometimes
show
that
they
like
something
by
holding
out
a
closed
hand
with
the
thumb
lifting
in
the
air.大部分西方人握拳并伸出大拇指是为了表达他们喜欢某物，故选B。
2.
B
【命题意图】词义猜测题。
【解题思路】根据When
a
gladiator
was
given
the
thumbs
up,
the
emperor
allowed
him
to
live.当人们对一个角斗士做出大拇指向上的手势时，国王会让他活下去。故选B。
3.
A
【命题意图】细节理解题。
【解题思路】根据If
people
wanted
to
save
the
gladiator,
they
put
out
their
hands
and
hid
their
thumbs
in
their
hands.可知，如果人们想让角斗士活下去时，他们伸出手来，将大拇指藏进拳头里。故选A。
4.
A
【命题意图】细节理解题。
【解题思路】根据Different
gestures(手势)
mean
different
things
in
different
countries.可知A是正确的；Sometimes
a
gesture
that
is
polite
in
one
country
is
not
polite
in
another
and
should
not
be
used.可知B不对；The
truth
is,
however,
it
was
translated
into
a
wrong
meaning
by
mistake.可知C不对；文章只是介绍了大拇指的相关手势，没有要求我们经常使用大拇指，所以D不对；故选A。
5.
D
【命题意图】主旨大意题。
【解题思路】文章以大拇指的手势为例，告诉我们一个手势在不同的国家有不同的意思，故选D。
★题型概述
任务型阅读理解是中考必考题型之一，出题形式多样，常见题型有：根据短文内容来回答问题、还原句子、完成表格、判断正误和综合任务等。
★解题过程
阅读(信息输入)→判断、分析、概括、推理(信息加工与处理)→答题(信息输出)。★解题技巧
一、明确阅读任务。明确所给的任务，带着任务去阅读材料。
二、读全文，了解大意。了解文章主要内容、文章感情基调、作者的意图态度。
三、读细节，逐题攻克。寻找细节，从原文找答案。精读细节，理解深层含义。
四、通读全文，仔细检查。
★答题要求
一、把握文章的内在逻辑关系，以文章提供的事实和观点为依据，立足原文，推断未知。
二、在答题时，总的原则就是：能简略回答，尽量简略回答。
三、书写要规范。句子开头首字母要大写；标点符号要规范；单词拼写要正确无误；单词书写要认真。典例一

（2019
?广州市）
阅读短文及文后A~E选项,选出可以填入46~50各题空白处的最佳选项。
Smoke
alarms(报警器)
House
fires
cause
many
deaths
each
year
and
a
large
number
of
these
fires
are
unfortunately
set
by
children.___46___Kids
must
understand
that
they’d
better
not
play
with
fire.
You
should
keep
matches
and
lighters
out
of
their
reach.
___47___
The
main
job
of
such
an
alarm
is
to
protect
you
while
you’re
asleep.
You
should
have
a
smoke
alarm
outside
each
bedroom
and
on
each
floor
of
your
home.
You
ought
to
have
two
plans
for
getting
out
of
your
house
if
there
is
a
fire
and
practise
these
plans
in
the
dark
with
your
family.
A
smoke
alarm
warns
you
of
the
danger.
___48___Take
action
immediately.
When
you
come
to
a
closed
door,
check
it
with
the
back
of
your
hand.
If
it
feels
hot,
there
may
be
smoke
or
fire
behind
the
door,
so
take
care.
Once
you
are
out
of
your
house,
call
the
fire
department
from
a
neighbor’s
house.
If
a
family
member
or
a
pet
is
caught
inside,
you
shouldn’t
go
back
in.
Firemen
know
how
to
perform
rescues
safely.
___49___
Change
the
batteries
at
least
once
a
year.
You
should
use
the
test
button
each
month
to
see
if
the
alarm
and
batteries
are
still
working.
A
smoke
alarm
lasts
about
ten
years.
You
ought
to
change
it
even
if
it
seems
to
be
working.
About
two
out
of
three
fire
deaths
happen
in
homes
with
no
working
smoke
alarms.___50___
A.
Most
of
these
deaths
can
be
avoided
B.
But
when
you
hear
it,
you
don
t
have
much
time
C.
A
smoke
alarm
is
only
good
if
it’s
working
properly
D.
So,
it’s
important
to
teach
them
that
fire
is
a
tool,
not
a
toy
E.
A
smoke
alarm
greatly
reduces
your
chances
of
being
hurt
in
a
fire
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】房屋火灾每年都造成很多人死亡，并且很多火灾都是有儿童引起的，因此有必要教给孩子们不要玩火。为了以防万一，家里可以安装烟雾报警器，它能大大减少火灾中受伤的可能性。这篇短文对使用烟雾报警器给了我们一些建议。
46.
D空前这句话House
fires
cause
many
deaths
each
year
and
a
large
number
of
these
fires
are
unfortunately
set
by
children.提到“很多火灾都是由孩子们引起的”；空格后Kids
must
understand
that
they’d
better
not
play
with
fire提到“孩子们最好不要玩火”，前后为因果关系，因此这里应起到承接上文，并引出文章主题的作用，故应选D，意为“因此教给他们火是工具，而不是玩具是很重要的”。
47.
E下句话The
main
job
of
such
an
alarm
is
to
protect
you
while
you’re
asleep提到了烟雾报警器的作用，这个空位于该段的第一句话，应该是对整段内容的概括，故应选E，意为“烟雾报警器大大降低了你在火灾中受伤的可能性”。
48.
B根据空格前A
smoke
alarm
warns
you
of
the
danger.可知，烟雾报警器可以警告我们有危险；空格后的这句话Take
action
immediately.要我们马上采取行动，因此当你听到烟雾报警器响的时候，逃离的时间就不多了，故应选B，与空后形成因果关系。
49.
C根据这一段的内容Change
the
batteries
at
least
once
a
year.
You
should
use
the
test
button
each
month
to
see
if
the
alarm
and
batteries
are
still
working.可知，这一段中告诉我们要注意更换烟雾报警器的电池，每个月应使用测试按钮，看看报警器和电池是否还在工作。故这一段是想告诉我们烟雾报警器只有在正常工作时才是管用的。故应选C。
50.
A空格前About
two
out
of
three
fire
deaths
happen
in
homes
with
no
working
smoke
alarms提到，大约有三分之二的火灾死亡事件都是由于没有烟雾报警器，A选项中的these
deaths呼应了上句话的内容，故应选A，意为“大多数死亡案例是可以避免的”。
一、题型指导
阅读短文还原句子的文章一般为200—250词左右，设空位置一般为三种：段首、段尾和段中。根据历年真题的考查可看出考题中段中设空最多，段尾次之，段首最少。其主要考查：
1.
学生能理解故事情节和事件发展顺序。
2.
学生能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系。
二、满分技巧
1.
解题步骤
（1）读选项，画关键词，暗排序。
（2）读文章，找逻辑，抓过渡词。
（3）先易后难来解题。
（4）回读文章定答案。
2.
得分技巧
（1）抓住过渡词，看住上下句。
（2）盯紧横线的前后词语。
通过学生对这类题型的解题步骤、思路及技巧的练习和实践，可总结出以下复习策略：
1.
养成限时阅读的习惯，提高阅读速度。培养学生的阅读技能，
处理好阅读速度与效率问题。阅读速度应控制在每篇5分钟，每分钟40-50个词为宜。
2.
注意常考点。平时练习多注意代词（如it，this，they）、选项的句内关系（如因果、转折）及重现（文章与选项的复现提示）等。
3.
解题技巧
通读全文，了解文章大意。根据文章整体结构、具体内容，并结合关键词，将选项填入文中，再次通读全文，重点考查逻辑关系和关联结构，研究多余选项，确定排除理由，最终确定答案。
1.
如果问题设在段首
（1）通常是段落的主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找相关的词，推断出主题句。
（2）与后文是并列，转折，因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词，通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句之间会有某种的衔接手段。
（3）段落间的过渡句。这时要瞻前顾后找启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。
2.
如果问题设在段尾
（1）空白前的一句或两句是重点语句，重点阅读以锁定关键词。
（2）通常是结论，概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果结论，总结等的信号词，如：Therefore，
as
a
result，thus，hence，in
short，to
sum
up，to
conclude，in
a
word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。
（3）与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。
（4）与前文是并列或排比关系。在这种情况下，通常是该段落要求补全说明本段主题的其他细节，因此，根据段落一致性原则，在原文和选项中找到相关的特征词，通常选项中会出现表示并列或递进关系的关联词或与前文类似的句式结构，或出现同义词等其他线索。
（5）所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段的开头是否有一定的衔接，认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。
（6）如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题，通常文章第一段要提出文章的主题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号词如转折词引出来，正确答案应有这样的特征词。
典例二
（2018
?
山东德州中考）In
early
spring,
the
changing
temperature
usually
makes
a
number
of
Chinese
people
uncomfortable.
Cold
air,
bringing
rain
or
even
snow,
easily
tears
up(破坏)
the
warmth
of
the
spring
within
a
night(一夜之间).
However,
with
the
coming
of
Guyu-the
Grain(谷物)
Rain,
the
blue
sky
and
gentle
winds
would
finally
stay.
Falling
usually
on
or
around
April
20
every
year,
Guyu
is
the
sixth
of
the
24
solar
terms(节气).
It
means
the
beginning
of
a
lively
summer
and
people
get
busy
from
now
on.
Sow(播种)
grains
This
is
an
important
period
of
the
growth
of
grains.
The
ancient
Chinese
already
knew
that
as
Guyu
comes,
the
weather
will
become
warm
enough
for
sowing.
The
farmers
usually
catch
the
chance
to
plant
rice,
corn
and
beans.
Hope
for
safety
and
harvest
For
those
living
near
the
sea,
they
will
hold
some
ceremonies(仪式)
on
Guyu,
hoping
for
safety
as
well
as
harvest
during
the
coming
fishing
season.
Watch
the
peony
It’s
also
a
great
time
to
see
the
peony(牡丹),
which
is
known
as
＂the
Queen
of
All
Flowers＂
in
Chinese
culture.
As
a
result,
watching
peonies
becomes
one
of
the
most
enjoyable
activities
for
many.
The
flower
is
said
to
be
the
favourite
of
Empress(女皇)
Wu
Zetian
of
the
Tang
Dynasty,
who
was
the
only
woman
ruler
in
Chinese
history.
Pick
tea
leaves
Tea
leaves
picked
before
Guyu
are
among
the
best
tea
leaves.
People
believe
that
the
tea
leaves
picked
on
the
day
of
Guyu
can
make
eyes
clear
and
drive
away
bad
luck.
So
the
habit
of
drinking
tea
at
this
time
of
year
has
become
a
tradition
in
some
places
of
China.
37.
When
does
Guyu
usually
come
every
year?
___________________________________________________
38.
Why
is
Guyu
an
important
time
for
sowing
grains?
___________________________________________________
39.
Translate
the
underlined
sentence
into
Chinese.
___________________________________________________
40.
List(列表)
activities
on
Guyu
according
to
the
passage
(at
least
two).
___________________________________________________
41.
Give
a
proper
title
to
the
passage.
___________________________________________________
【文章大意】文章介绍了二十四节气中的第六个节气———谷雨。学科&网
37.
It
usually
comes
on
or
around
April
20
every
year.
【解析】细节理解题。＂When
does
Guyu
usually
come
every
year?＂意为＂谷雨通常每年什么时候到来？＂由文章第二段第二行＂Falling
usually
on
or
around
April
20
every
year＂可知，谷雨通常在4月20号或者4月20号前后到来。故答案是＂It
usually
comes
on
or
around
April
20
every
year＂。
38.
Because
as
Guyu
comes,
the
weather
will
become
warm
enough
for
sowing.
【解析】细节理解题。Why
is
Guyu
an
important
time
for
sowing
grains?
意为＂为什么谷雨对于播种粮食来说是一个重要的时间？＂
由文章第三段This
is
an
important
period
of
the
growth
of
grains.
The
ancient
Chinese
already
knew
that
as
Guyu
comes,
the
weather
will
become
warm
enough
for
sowing.

可知＂古代中国人就已经知道当谷雨来临时，天气会变得足够暖和，适合播种。又回答的是原因，要用
because…来回答。故答案
为：＂Because
as
Guyu
comes,
the
weather
will
become
warm
enough
for
sowing.＂
39.
结果，对于很多人来说，观赏牡丹成为最令人愉悦的活动之一。
【解析】Translate...into...把……翻译成……；Translate
the
underlined
sentence
into
Chinese.意思是，把划线句子翻译成汉语。注意得分点，as
a
result结果；one
of...……之一；the
most
enjoyable最令人愉悦的。故答案为＂结果，对于很多人来说，观赏牡丹成为最令人愉悦的活动之一＂。
40.
(1)Sow
grain.
(2)Hope
for
safety
and
harvest.
(3)Watch
the
peony

(4)Pick
tea
leaves.(回答其中任意两条，即可得分)
【解析】题干的意思是，根据文章列举谷雨的活动。（至少两条）At
least
至少；故答案在大标题中任选两个即可(1)Sow
grains，(2)
Hope
for
safety
and
harvest.
41.
(One/The
sixth
of
the
24
solar
terms-)Guyu/The
Grain
Rain
【解析】主旨大意题。题干的意思是，给文章起一个合适的标题。文章主要介绍了二十四节气中的第六个节气。故答案为：The
sixth
of
the
24
solar
terms
—Guyu/
The
Grain
Rain
或者单纯写
Guyu
也可以。
解题技巧
1.
认真审题，明确题目要求。
首先阅读题目，明确题目中的关键词，
在阅读文章前对所要回答的问题有所了解。
2.
快速浏览文章，规范答题。
回答问题型任务型阅读需要利用题干中关键词，寻找文章中对应的关键词，在对应词周围寻找答案或者直接在文章中搜索答案。带着审题时对文章大意的了解以及问题快速浏览文章，以最快的速度在文章相对应的位置寻找相关信息。
3.
答题形式符合提问形式。
不同的提问方式需要不同形式的回答，在答案简洁的基础上还要注意结构的完整。一般疑问句要用yes或no作答；特殊疑问句要根据特殊疑问词具体回答。
4.
仔细检查，确保答案。
完成所有答题后，需要再次速读一遍文章，核对答案，确保答案的正确性。需要注意，有些题目答案可以在原文中直接找出；有些需要在原文的基础上，结合题目要求进行时态、语态、人称的转换；有些需要进行归纳总结，把正确答案重新组织语言表达出来。
典例三
（2018
?
江苏连云港中考）
请阅读下面短文，在短文后表格中的空白处填上适当的单词(注意：每空一个单词)。
When
we
are
talking
to
someone,
we
tend
to
change
someone
else’s
mind
to
our
way
of
thinking.
And
we
may
often
find
it
difficult
to
do
that.
So
here
are
five
tips
on
how
to
change
someone’s
mind.
The
first
one
is
never
to
turn
the
conversation
into
an
argument.
It
should
be
a
conversation
where
you
show
your
opinions
and
the
facts
that
you’ve
collected.
By
showing
them
the
facts,
we
want
to
tell
other
people
that
we
are
right.
But
emotionally,
they
may
not
totally
agree
with
what
you
say.
So
when
you
are
trying
to
change
someone’s
mind,
try
to
keep
it
as
a
conversation
and
not
an
argument.
The
second
tip
is
never
to
say
that
you
are
wrong.
If
someone
makes
a
statement
that
you
think
is
wrong,
it’s
better
to
point
it
out
by
saying,
＂I
thought
otherwise
but
I
might
be
wrong,
let’s
look
at
the
facts.＂
The
key
is
to
say
that
you
might
be
wrong,
not
that
you
are
wrong.
This
opens
up
the
other
person
to
look
at
the
data
again
and
shows
them
that
you’re
not
bullheaded(顽固的)
and
that
you’re
not
going
to
change
your
opinion.
You’re
showing
them
that
you
are
open
to
new
ideas
and
this
is
super
important
in
changing
someone
else’s
mind
to
your
way
of
thinking.
Tip
number
three
is
to
get
the
other
person
saying
yes
as
fast
as
possible.
You
may
begin
your
conversation
on
hobbies
that
you
guys
have,
something
that
they’re
crazy
about,
something
that
gets
them
saying
yes.
Because
the
more
that
you
get
them
to
say
yes
now,
the
more
likely
they
are
to
say
yes
in
the
future.
A
conversation
like
this
will
get
them
to
start
to
like
you
and
maybe
even
more
open
up
to
ideas
that
you
have.
It
builds
up
trust
between
the
two
of
you.
Tip
number
four
is
to
let
the
other
person
do
a
great
amount
of
talking.
If
you
let
them
talk
more,
you’re
going
to
show
that
you
actually
care
about
their
opinions
and
ideas,
which
will
earn
their
respect
in
the
end.
By
listening
to
them,
you’re
going
to
create
a
friendly
relationship
and
build
trust.
So
when
you
express
your
opinions,
they
will
also
show
a
willingness
to
listen.
Never
interrupt
them
when
they
are
talking.
Just
listen
patiently
with
an
open
mind,
encourage
them
to
talk
even
more
and
more
so
that
when
it’s
your
tum
to
talk,
they’ll
listen
and
say
nothing.
The
last
tip
is
to
let
the
other
person
feel
like
the
idea
was
theirs.
It’s
wiser
to
make
suggestions
and
let
someone
else
come
to
the
conclusion,
then
they
have
a
sense
of
pride
that
it’s
their
idea.
Giving
someone
the
data
and
letting
them
come
to
the
conclusion
let
them
feel
like
it
is
their
idea
and
they
are
proud
of
it.
Title:
How
to
change
someone
else’s
mind
Introduction
Though
it
is
not71to
change
someone
else’s
mind,
here
are
tips
you
can
follow.
Five72of
changing
someone
else’s
mind
Keep
it
as
a
conversation
and
not
an
argument,
or
they
may
not
totally
be
in
73
with
you.
Say
that
you
might
be
wrong74of
saying
that
you
are
wrong
to
show
that
you
are
open
to
new
ideas.
Try
to
get
them
saying
yes
as
fast
as
possible,
so
they
are
more
likely
to
say
yes
in
the
future.
Create
a
friendly
relationship
and
build
trust
so
that
when
you
express
your
opinions,
they
are
willing
to
listen.
Let
someone
else
come
to
the
conclusion
and
they
will
be75of
it
because
they
feel
like
it
is
their
idea.
【文章大意】文章讲述了怎么改变一个人的观点的一些建议。
71.
easy【解析】根据we
tend
to
change
someone
else’s
mind
to
our
way
of
thinking.
And
we
may
often
find
it
difficult
to
do
that.
So
here
are
five
tips
on
how
to
change
someone’s
mind.可知是不容易；故填easy。
72.
ways/methods/means【解析】根据So
here
are
five
tips
on
how
to
change
someone’s
mind.可知是5个方法；故填ways/methods/means。
73.
agreement【解析】根据But
emotionally,
they
may
not
totally
agree
with
what
you
say.可知是同意；故填agreement。
74.
instead【解析】根据it’s
better
to
point
it
out
by
saying,
＂I
thought
otherwise
but
I
might
be
wrong.
The
key
is
to
say
that
you
might
be
wrong,
not
that
you
are
wrong.＂可知是代替，而不是；故填instead。
75.
proud【解析】根据then
they
have
a
sense
of
pride
that
it’s
their
idea.可知是自豪的；故填proud。
一、题型指导
把语法知识测试全部放在语篇中进行，旨在考查考生在语篇中综合运用语言知识的能力。它不但要求考生有扎实的词汇、语法等基础知识和对句型结构的灵活运用能力，而且还要求考生有良好的语感和一定的阅读理解能力。
自由填空是中考短文填空中难度最大的，这种题目因题型的开放性和综合性而备受关注。试题特点是一篇短文挖空8-10个单词，且没有任何提示，让考生根据短文内容自由填词，难度较大，主观性较强，有时可能出现多种答案。
二、满分技巧
1.
解题步骤：
（1）快速浏览，了解大意。对于简单把握的空，可以先填出来；
（2）上下求索，填出答案。根据上下文及空格前后的逻辑关系，填出正确的词以及正确的形式；
（3）通读全文，检查确认。特别要注意，根据文章意思，有些空是否要加入否定前缀。
无提示词的空格一般需要填入冠词、代词、介词、连词（并列连词和从属连词）等虚词。
（1）名词前面一般用冠词、代词或介词等。
（2）如果需要填入代词，就要考虑到是人称代词的主格、宾格或物主代词的变化、指示代词的用法；
（3）并列的两个或多个单词，短语，或句子之间设空，一般填入并列连词and,
but,
or等；
（4）两句之间，如果不是并列句，则很可能是主从句，因此需要填入从属连词（what,which,
who,
how,
when等）。或者是宾语从句，定语从句或者是状语从句的连接词。这种空格需要同学们根据句子结构，分析到底是什么从句，从而选择合适的从属连词。
典例四

（2019
?大庆市）
Arctic
fox(北极狐)
is
a
kind
of
small
fox
that
lives
in
the
Arctic.
It
grows
about
50
centimeters(厘米)
long,
not
including
its
tail,
30
centimeters
tall
and
weighs
from
3
to
7
kilos.
The
Arctic
foxes
are
white
or
blue
in
color.
The
white
ones
are
white
in
winter,
but
gray-brown
in
summer.
The
blue
ones
are
blue-gray
all
year
round.
The
Arctic
foxes
have
long,
thick
hair
that
is
called
fur(毛皮).
And
the
long
fur
covers
their
whole
bodies,
including
both
their
cat
eyes
and
rabbit
feet,
to
keep
them
warm
in
the
low
temperature
in
the
Arctic.
The
Arctic
foxes
feed
mainly
on
birds,
birds’
eggs
and
other
small
animals.
Teamwork
is
the
way
they
look
for
food,
and
they
don’t
like
to
do
that
alone.
Baby
Arctic
foxes
are
very
lovely.
They
don’t
open
their
eyes
until
a
week
after
their
birth.
For
the
first
half
of
the
year,
their
parents
offer
them
food.
They
begin
to
look
for
food
on
their
own
when
they
are
about
six
months
old.
The
next
year
they
can
live
alone.

Today
the
number
of
the
Arctic
foxes
is
becoming
smaller
and
smaller,
because
people
kill
them
for
their
fur
to
make
beautiful
coats
for
money.
Something
must
be
done
to
protect
the
Arctic
foxes.
Answer
the
questions
according
to
the
passage.
(必须使用完整语句作答)
66.
What
is
the
weight
of
an
Arctic
fox?

________________________________________________________
67.
What
is
an
Arctic
fox’s
long,
thick
hair
called?

________________________________________________________
68.
What
do
the
Arctic
foxes
mainly
feed
on?

________________________________________________________
69.
When
do
baby
Arctic
foxes
begin
to
look
for
food
on
their
own?
________________________________________________________
70.
Why
is
the
number
of
the
Arctic
foxes
becoming
smaller
and
smaller?

________________________________________________________
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】北极狐是一种生活在北极的小狐狸。长约50厘米，体重3至7公斤。北极狐是白色或蓝色的。全身长满厚厚的皮毛。使它们在北极的低温下保持温暖。北极狐主要以鸟类、鸟蛋和其他小动物为食。团队合作是他们寻找食物的方式。由于人们的捕杀，北极狐的数量越来越少，必须采取措施保护北极狐狸。
66.
It
weighs
from
3
to
7
kilos.
【解析】问题：北极狐的体重是多少？根据第一段最后的句子“and
weighs
from
3
to
7
kilos.”可知，北极狐重3至7公斤。故答案为It
weighs
from
3
to
7
kilos。
67.
An
Arctic
fox’s
long,
thick
hair
is
called
fur./
It
is
called
fur.
【解析】问题：北极狐长而浓密的毛发叫什么？根据第二段中的句子“The
Arctic
foxes
have
long,
thick
hair
that
is
called
fur(毛皮).”
北极狐的毛又长又厚，被称为皮毛。故答案为An
Arctic
fox’s
long,
thick
hair
is
called
fur./
It
is
called
fur。
68.
They
feed
mainly
on
birds,
birds’
eggs
and
other
small
animals.
【解析】问题：北极狐主要以什么为食？根据第三段中的句子“The
Arctic
foxes
feed
mainly
on
birds,
birds’
eggs
and
other
small
animals.”可知，北极狐主要以鸟类、鸟蛋和其他小动物为食。故答案为They
feed
mainly
on
birds,
birds’
eggs
and
other
small
animals。
69.
They
begin
to
look
for
food
on
their
own
when
they
are
about
six
months
old.
【解析】问题：小北极狐什么时候开始自己寻找食物？根据倒数第二段中的句子“They
begin
to
look
for
food
on
their
own
when
they
are
about
six
months
old.”可知，当小北极狐六个月大的时候，他们开始自己寻找食物。故答案为They
begin
to
look
for
food
on
their
own
when
they
are
about
six
months
old。
70.
Because
people
kill
them
for
their
fur
to
make
beautiful
coats
for
money.
【解析】问题：为什么北极狐狸的数量越来越少？根据短文最后一段中的句子“Today
the
number
of
the
Arctic
foxes
is
becoming
smaller
and
smaller,
because
people
kill
them
for
their
fur
to
make
beautiful
coats
for
money.”北极狐的数量越来越少，因为人们为了赚钱而杀死它们来制作漂亮的皮毛。故答案为Because
people
kill
them
for
their
fur
to
make
beautiful
coats
for
money。
典例五(2018
?
黑龙江绥化中考)
根据短文内容判断句子的正误。正确的涂＂T＂，错误的涂＂F＂。
Do
you
have
a
nickname（呢称）?
Most
of
us
do
by
our
looks,
clothing,
or
personality.
But
for
cities,
the
meaning
of
their
nicknames
has
much
more
than
that.
Many
big
cities
have
nicknames,
such
as
New
York-The
Big
Apple,
London-The
Great
Smog,
and
Rome-The
Eternal（永恒的)
City.
Why
do
cities
have
such
nicknames?
In
the
1920s,
there
were
many
races
in
New
York.
People
called
the
prizes
of
these
race
apples.
Writer
John
J.
Fitz
Gerald
first
called
New
York
the
Big
Apple,
because
New
York
is
the
place
that
many
people
dreamed
of
going
to
for
the
biggest
prize
of
all.
For
Rome,
as
the
name
suggests,
the
answer
is
simple,
Romans
believed
that
no
matter
what
happened
to
the
world,
Rome
would
go
on
forever.
Rome
has
been
an
important
center
of
power
for
more
than
2,000
years.
As
for
London,
in
the
Victorian
period,
it
had
problems
with
its
air.
Later
in
1952,
serious
air
pollution
made
10,000
people
fall
ill.
But
now
the
air
of
London
has
become
better.
Does
that
sound
interesting?
Does
your
city
have
a
nickname?
77.
Most
of
us
get
our
nicknames
only
by
our
looks.
78.
The
Great
Smog
is
the
nickname
of
London.
79.
The
nickname
of
New
York
was
given
by
writer
John
J.
Fitz
Gerald.
80.
Rome
has
been
an
important
center
of
power
for
2000
years.
81.
Later
in
1952,
the
air
of
London
became
better.
【文章大意】本文主要介绍很多大城市别名的由来。大多数人的别名都是基于我们个人的外表、穿衣风格、或个性。但是对于城市来说，他们的别名的含义远远不止这些。比如：纽约的别名是＂大苹果＂；伦敦的别名是＂雾都＂；罗马的别名是＂永恒之城＂。作者还介绍了这些城市别名的由来。
77.
F【解析】根据第二句Most
of
us
do
by
our
looks,
clothing,
or
personality我们大多数人因为我们的外貌，服饰，或者个性而有自己的昵称。故答案是F。
78.
T【解析】根据第二段第一句Many
big
cities
have
nicknames,
such
as
New
York-The
Big
Apple,
London-The
Great—
Smog,
and
Rome-The
Eternal(永恒的)City很多城市有它们的昵称例如：纽约的别名是＂大苹果＂；伦敦的别名是＂雾都＂；罗马的别名是＂永恒之城＂。所以
The
Great
Smog
is
the
nickname
of
London.是正确的，故答案是T。
79.
T【解析】根据Writer
John
J.Fitz
Gerald
first
called
New
York
the
Big
Apple（作家
John
J.Fitz
Gerald最先称纽约为苹果城）,知
The
nickname
of
New
York
was
given
by
writer
Johnl.Fitz
Gerald.是正确的。故答案是T。
80.
F【解析】根据Rome
has
been
an
important
center
of
power
for
more
than
2,000
years.罗马在2000多年里是重要的权力中心。知
Rome
has
been
an
important
center
of
power
for
2000
years（罗马是两千年里是重要的权利中心）是错误的，故答案是F。
81.
F【解析】根据Later
in
1952,
serious
air
pollution
made
10,000
people
fall
ill后来在1952年，严重的大气污染使10000人病倒。知
Later
in
1952,
the
air
of
London
became
better.（后来在1952年，伦敦空气变得更好了）是错误的，故答案是F。
典例六
（2019
?湖北省黄石市）
People
in
different
countries
speak
different
languages.
But
is
there
a
lanuage
that
can
be
understood
by
everyone
in
the
world?
Emojis
might
be
the
first
truly
universal(通用的)language.
Emojis
are
a
kind
of
special
language.
Pictures
are
used
to
put
meaning
across.
A
group
called
the
Unicode
Consortium
is
in
charge
of
choosing
official(官方的)
emojis.
It
has
added
new
emojis
every
year
since
2014.
These
new
emojis
do
not
come
out
of
nowhere.
They
come
from
what
people
think
about,
like
and
care
about.
Emojis
can
be
used
to
represent
(代表)
different
groups
of
people.
In
2015,
emoji
faces
with
different
skin
tones
(肤色）
were
added.
In
2016,
different
jobs
were
added,
such
as
doctor,
police
officer
and
painter
along
with
female
versions
of
these
jobs.
This
year,
emojis
of
disabled
people
were
added,
including
emojis
of
blind
people
and
people
in
wheel
chairs.
But
there
is
also
more
to
emojis.
They
can
also
refer
to
pop
culture
and
new
cultural
trends.
New
emojis
in
2019
have
included
several
animals,
such
as
sloths（树懒）
and
flamingos
(火烈鸟).These
animals
are
not
very
common,
but
are
known
to
many
people.
For
example,
sloths
have
become
popular
thanks
to
the
2016
film
Zootopia
(《疯狂动物城
》
).
Many
fashion
designers
have
included
flamingos
in
their
designs
in
recent
years.
This
animal
makes
people
feel
like
they’re
on
a
tropical
(热带）
vacation.
It
seems
that
emojis
are
a
mirror
of
the
world
we
live
in.
It
will
be
interesting
to
see
how
they
change
and
grow
in
the
years
to
come.
36.
Emojis
are
a
special
language
using
the_____to
put
meaning
across.
(仅填1个词）
37.
Where
do
new
emojis
come
from?（回答不超过9个词）
_____________________________
38.
When
did
emojis
begin
to
show
different
jobs?（回答不超过2个词）
__________________________________
39.
What
kind
of
animals
have
been
included
in
2019?（回答不超过6个词）
_____________________________
40.
将画线句子翻译成汉语。
_____________________________
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本篇文章难度适中，主要介绍表情符号的发展史。以及对它未来的期待。
36.
pictures.
【解析】细节理解题。根据Emojis
are
a
kind
of
special
language.
Pictures
are
used
to
put
meaning
across可知，表情符号是一种特别的语言，图片被用来表达含义。所以空处应填picture图片，且用复数，故填pictures。
37.
They’re
from
people’s
real
life
and
thoughts.
【解析】细节理解题。根据These
new
emojis
do
not
come
out
of
nowhere.
They
come
from
what
people
think
about,
like
and
care
about可知，这些图片来自于人们所想和所关心的事物，所以表示人们真实的生活和想法，故填They’re
from
people’s
real
life
and
thoughts。
38.
In
2016.
【解析】细节理解题。根据In
2016,
different
jobs
were
added,
such
as
doctor,
police
officer
and
painter
along
with
female
versions
of
these
jobs可知，表情符号在2016年开始展示不同的工作，故填In
2016。
39.
Animals
such
as/like
sloths
and
flamingos./Animals
known
but
not
common.
【解析】细节理解题。根据New
emojis
in
2019
have
included
several
animals,
such
as
sloths（树懒）and
flamingos
(火烈鸟).These
animals
are
not
very
common可知，在2019年新的表情符号包括一些像树懒和火烈鸟的动物，这些动物并不常见，故填Animals
such
as/like
sloths
and
flamingos./Animals
known
but
not
common。
40.
看它们（表情符号）将来如何变化发展是很有趣的。
【解析】翻译题。根据句式可知，it作形式主语，真正的主语为to
see
how
they
change
and
grow
in
the
years
to
come。in
the
years
to
come在未来几年，how如何，故填“看它们（表情符号）将来如何变化发展是很有趣的”。（海南省海口市海口四中、海口十四中2019届九年级中考模拟）Peter
was
an
inventor.
His
job
was
to
invent
new
things,
and
he
worked
when
he
had
an
idea.
His
workroom
was
in
his
house,
so
he
could
work
whenever
he
wanted
to.
Sometimes
he
worked
seven
days
a
week
and
sometimes
he
didn’t
work
for
days.
He
did
all
his
work
right
at
home,
but
he
left
the
house
to
go
to
meetings
sometimes.
Peter
usually
got
up
at
about
five
o’clock.
He
made
some
tea
and
started
to
work
at
six.
He
drank
tea
all
day—
he
couldn’t
work
without
it
—
but
he
didn’t
eat
anything
until
in
the
evening.
First,
Peter
cleaned
the
workroom
and
turned
on
the
answer-phone
because
he
couldn’t
talk
to
people
when
he
had
an
idea.
Then
he
started
to
work.
He
usually
had
a
rest
after
two
or
three
hours,
but
he
didn’t
leave
the
workroom.
He
did
something
different
to
help
him
relax.
Sometimes
he
did
some
exercise,
and
sometimes
he
listened
to
music.
He
usually
stopped
working
at
about
nine
o’clock
in
the
evening.
He
thought
about
his
work
most
of
the
time,
even
when
he
was
out.
He
was
interested
in
what
was
around
him
and
he
liked
looking
for
new
ideas
and
new
problems
to
solve.
1.
What
was
Peter?（根据短文内容回答间题）
_____________________________________________________________
2.
Why
did
Peter
turn
on
the
answer-phone?（根据短文内容回答问题）
_____________________________________________________________
3.
When
did
Peter
usually
stop
working（根据短文内容回答问题）
_____________________________________________________________
4.
从文中找出与下面句子画线部分意思相近的词组。
His
workroom
was
in
his
house.
_________________________________
5.
The
underlined
word
＂it＂
refers
to
____________________________
【文章大意】本文通过介绍Peter是个工作努力，不浪费时间的发明家，来告诫人们珍惜时间。
1.
He
was
an
inventor.

【解析】根据原文Peter
was
an
inventor可知Peter是个发明家，故答案是He
was
an
inventor。
2.
Because
he
couldn’t
talk
to
people
when
he
had
an
idea.

【解析】根据原文First,
Peter
cleaned
the
workroom
and
turned
on
the
answer-phone
because
he
couldn’t
talk
to
people
when
he
had
an
idea.因当他有一个想法时，他不能和别人交谈，所以打开了答录机，故答案是Because
he
couldn’t
talk
to
people
when
he
had
an
idea。
3.
At
about
nine
o’clock
in
the
evening.

【解析】根据原文He
usually
stopped
working
at
about
nine
o’clock
in
the
evening.可知他通常在晚上九点钟左右停止工作。故答案是At
about
nine
o’clock
in
the
evening。
4.
at
home
【解析】in
his
house在他家里，和原文的He
did
all
his
work
right
at
home
中的at
home在家，意思一致，故答案是at
home。
5.
tea
【解析】根据原文He
drank
tea
all
day—he
couldn’t
work
without
it
—but
he
didn’t
eat
anything
until
in
the
evening.可知这里的人称代词it指代的是前文出现的tea，故答案是tea。A
Many
people
run
for
exercise.
But
what
will
you
do
if
you
are
not
a
＂born＂
runner
or
jogger
(慢跑者)?
You
may
still
want
a
kind
of
exercise
that’s
inexpensive
and
easy
to
do.
Why
not
try
walking?[
Walking
requires
no
special
equipment(装备).
It
is
a
kind
of
exercise
that
almost
any
normal,
healthy
person
can
do.
Walking
is
good
for
your
health
like
jogging
or
running;
it
will
just
take
longer.
Jogging
and
running
make
your
heart
work
harder
than
walking.
They
also
put
more
stress
on
your
legs
and
feet
than
walking
does.
The
problem
with
walking
is
that
most
people
don’t
take
it
seriously.
But
there’s
a
big
difference
between
serious
walking
and
the
walking
that
most
of
us
do.
Walking,
like
jogging,
should
have
a
steady
and
continuous
motion(稳健而持续的动作).
If
you
want
to
get
your
exercise
by
walking,
you
need
to
have
your
own
walking
plan.
After
all,
runners
and
joggers
set
goals
for
themselves.
Walkers
need
goals,
too.
You
also
need
to
set
a
course
to
walk.
Start
by
walking
about
15—30
minutes
a
day.
Increase
your
time
and
distance(距离)
slowly.
And
try
increasing
your
walking
speed
little
by
little.
If
you
prefer
to
jog
or
run,
follow
the
same
advice.
Start
off
slowly.
Spend
most
of
the
first
few
days
just
walking.
Then,
start
walking
and
running
on
the
same
day.
Run
or
jog
a
short
distance,
then
walk
for
a
while,
then,
run,
then
walk.
Follow
that
pattern
for
15—30
minutes
a
day.
Slowly
make
each
run
longer
and
each
walk
shorter.
Later
on,
you
can
increase
your
distance,
speed
and
exercise
time.

任务一
将划线短语
a
＂born＂
runner
译为汉语。
任务二
列举两条Jogging和running对身体部位的影响。
1.
make
2.
任务三
回答问题。What’s
the
problem
with
walking?
任务四
选出作者关于步行健身的两种建议，将字母代号填写在答题卡上。
A.
Have
a
walking
plan.

B.
Walk
fast
at
the
beginning.
C.
Start
by
walking
an
hour
a
day.
D.
Increase
distance
and
speed
little
by
little.
1.
2.
任务五
找出最后一段的主题句。B
Once
upon
a
time,
there
lived
a
teacher
in
a
small
town.
He
often
taught
his
students
in
special
ways.
Once
he
sent
four
of
his
students
to
go
to
a
small
farm
to
see
apple
trees
in
different
seasons.
The
first
student
went
in
winter,
the
second
in
spring.
The
third
in
summer.
And
the
last
in
autumn.
After
the
four
students
came
back,
the
teacher
called
them
together.
They
pictured
(描述)
their
feeling
to
the
teacher.
The
first
student
said
that
there
were
no
leaves
on
the
trees.
It
made
him
very
disappointed.
The
second
student
said
his
eyes
were
full
of
light
green.
It
made
him
feel
hopeful.
The
third
one
disagreed.
＂What
are
you
talking
about?
How
pretty
the
trees
were!
The
sweet
smell
of
the
beautiful
flowers
spread(传播)
here
and
there.＂
The
last
one
shook
his
head.
He
only
saw
a
lot
of
apples
on
the
beautiful
trees.
The
teacher
smiled
and
told
his
students
none
of
them
were
wrong.
They
each
just
saw
one
season.
He
continued,
＂The
trees
are
not
the
same
in
different
seasons.
You
can’t
judge
(判断)
a
tree
by
only
one
season.
Don’t
let
the
regret
of
one
season
destroy
the
beauty
of
the
rest.

Everything
has
different
sides
in
our
life.
Don’t
hurry
to
make
a
conclusion(结论)
before
seeing
the
whole
of
it.
根据短文内容判断正、误。
1.
Four
students
were
sent
to
see
apples
in
different
seasons.
2.
The
first
student
left
for
the
small
farm
in
winter.
3.
The
last
student
saw
the
beautiful
trees
with
many
apples.
4.
The
teacher
thought
his
four
students
were
completely
wrong.
5.
The
passage
mainly
tells
us
that
we
should
judge
things
by
only
one
side.
C
As
time
goes
by,
are
you
still
the
same
person
you
were?
Many
of
you
would
think
you
are.
1
You
could
be
a
completely
different
person
when
you
get
old.
Psychologists(心理学家)
at
the
UK’s
University
of
Edinburgh
did
the
study
on
a
group
of
Scottish
people.
2

In
1950,
a
group
of
teachers
gave
over
1200
14-year-old
students
personality
tests.
3
They
were
self-confidence,
sense
of
responsibility
,perseverance（耐心）,
strong
wishes
to
win,
creativity
and
moods(情绪).
In
2012,
researchers
successfully
found
174
of
those
1200
students
and
gave
them
a
test
similar
to
the
one
they
had
received
before.
4
They
were
surprised
to
find
great
changes
to
all
six
personality
traits
of
these
people.
5
It
was
＂as
if
the
second
test
had
been
given
to
different
people.＂
the
study
reported.
In
the
past,
personality
was
widely
believed
to
be
unchangeable.
This
new
study
may
bring
some
fresh
ideas
to
the
world.
A.
They
tested
six
basic
personality
traits.
B.
Then
they
compared
the
then-and-now
test
results.
C.
They
wanted
to
know
if
people’s
personality
was
unchangeable.

D.
But
according
to
a
new
study,
your
personality
can
change
greatly.
E.
The
younger
and
older
self-seemed
to
be
totally
different
for
each
person.
F.
The
research
found
almost
everyone’s
personality
changed
when
they
grew
old.
D
Title:
Inner
voice
helps
a
lot
throughout
our
lives.
When
you
couldn’t
open
your
mouth
till
the
first
two
years
on
the
earth,
inner
voice
helps
you
understand
things.
Inner
voice
always
shows
thoughts
and
ideas
in
the
body.

It
justifies
（判断）
what
is
right
and
what
is
wrong.
When
we
go
against
inner
voice,
we
usually
feel
uncomfortable
throughout
our
lives.

Sometimes
when
we
are
feeling
sad,
we
seem
to
need
some
kind
of
support
in
spirit.
We
usually
speak
to
our
closest
friend
or
our
dearest
family
member
during
times
of
unhappiness
to
feel
better.
After
talking
to
them,
we
suddenly
feel
active
again,
because
our
inner
voice
reminds
us
to
get
on
with
things
and
leave
the
things
of
the
past
in
the
memory.

Inner
voice
is
always
right
most
of
the
time,
because
it
knows
us
better
than
others
and
even
ourselves.
It’
s
good
to
go
by
inner
voice
most
of
the
time.
Whenever
you
are
trying
to
smoke,
or
whenever
you
are
asked
to
choose
one
side
in
an
argument,
you
are
always
worried
about
the
result.
During
these
times,
your
inner
voice
tells
you
what
to
do.
If
you
don’t
follow
your
inner
voice,
you
might
be
unhappy
in
the
future.
It’
s
our
own
choice
to
either
pay
no
attention
to
our
inner
voice
or
follow
it
and
search
for
real
happiness.

Title:
Inner
voice
helps
a
lot
throughout
our
lives.
Passage
outline
Supporting
details
Introduction
to
inner
voice
Before
we
can
talk,
inner
voice
(1)
_____
understand
things,
and
shows
thoughts
and
ideas
in
the
body.

Things
that
inner
voice
helps
us
with
Inner
voice
tells
us
what
is
right
and
what
is
wrong.
We
usually
have
an
uncomfortable
(2)_____
throughout
our
lives
when
we
go
against
inner
voice.

Inner
voice
reminds
us
to
get
on
with
things
and
leave
the
things
of
the
past.

(3)_____
why
we
should
go
by
inner
voice
It
knows
us
better
than
others
and
even
ourselves.

It
tells
us
(4)
_____
to
do
when
we
are
always
worried
about
the
result
of
our
choice.

We
might
be
unhappy
in
the
future
without
(5)
_____
our
inner
voice.

E
Students
in
the
US
don’t
begin
their
spring
break
at
the
same
time.
It
depends
on
where
they
live.
While
students
from
one
town
are
on
vacation,
their
neighbors
in
the
next
town
may
have
classes
as
usual.
You
may
have
heard
of
it
from
many
hit
US
TV
shows
and
movies.
It’s
usually
in
the
middle
of
March,
when
characters
on
shows
like
Gossip
Girl
get
a
week
off
from
classes,
go
to
the
beach
and
throw
big
parties.
It’s
spring
break
or＂party
time＂!
Unlike
our
semester,
which
starts
in
late
February
or
early
March
this
year,
American
schools
begin
as
early
as
January.
So
in
late
March
and
April,
most
American
schools,
ranging
from
kindergartens
to
colleges,
give
students
one
to
two
weeks
off
school.
College
students
often
take
planes
to
places
like
Florida
or
Cancun,
Mexico.
They
relax
on
the
beach,
enjoy
cold
drinks
and
get
a
tan.
Younger
kids
take
trips
with
their
parents,
visiting
a
new
state
or
even
a
new
country.
Sometimes
teachers
lead
overseas
trips
for
groups
of
students.
On
a
ten-day
trip,
for
example,
students
may
go
on
a
tour
through
Spain,
France,
and
Italy,
which
gives
them
a
great
chance
to
see
different
parts
of
the
world.
Having
a
＂staycation＂,
which
means
being
a
tourist
in
your
own
city,
is
another
popular
trend
(趋势).
You
can
visit
local
art
galleries(美术馆),
museums
or
have
a
big
meal
in
a
nice
restaurant.
For
those
who
are
not
in
the
mood
to
go
out,
spring
break
is
a
good
time
to
catch
up
with
hit
TV
series
or
play
video
games.
There
are
also
students
who
want
a
different
kind
of
spring
break
experience.
Instead
of
partying,
they
choose
to
do
community
service,
help
with
disaster-hit
areas
and
do
other
volunteering
work.
No
matter
how
they’ve
spent
the
break,
one
thing
is
for
sure
—
students
return
to
school
feeling
refreshed
(恢复活力的)
and
ready
to
finish
the
school
year.
1.
Students
in
the
US
begin
their
spring
break
at
a
different
time,
don’t
they?2.
How
long
does
the
spring
break
usually
last?

3.
Where
do
college
students
often
go
during
the
spring
break?
4.
What’s
the
advantage
of
having
a
spring
break?
5.
If
you
are
given
the
spring
break,
how
will
you
spend
it?
Why?A
【文章大意】许多人跑步锻炼。该文作者就步行健身的建议是需要有自己的步行计划，逐渐地增加你的距离、速度和运动时间。
任务一
一位天生的赛跑者
【解题思路】考查英译汉。a
＂born＂
runner译作汉语是＂一位天生的赛跑者＂。
任务二
1.
your
heart
work
hard
2.
put
much
stress
on
your
legs
【解题思路】根据第二段中Jogging
and
running
make
your
heart
work
harder
than
walking.
They
also
put
more
stress
on
your
legs
and
feet
than
walking
does.可知，慢跑和跑步相比步行而言，更能增强你的心肺功能，给脚和腿带来的压力也更大。
任务三
The
problem
with
walking
is
that
most
people
don’t
take
it
seriously.

【解题思路】根据第三段中The
problem
with
walking
is
that
most
people
don’t
take
it
seriously.可知，关于走路，存在的问题是大多数人不认真对待它。
任务四
1.
A
2.
D

【解题思路】根据第四段的描述可知作者关于步行健身的建议是需要有自己的步行计划，逐渐地增加你的距离、速度和运动时间。
任务五
If
you
prefer
to
jog
or
run,
follow
the
same
advice.

【解题思路】最后一段的第一句话If
you
prefer
to
jog
or
run,
follow
the
same
advice.就是该段的主题句。
B
【文章大意】这篇短文主要介绍了一位老师让四个学生在不同的季节观看苹果树，学生得到了不同的结论。他想告诉学生一个道理：生活中的一切事物都有不同的方面。在你看完整之前不要着急下结论。
1.
B
【解题思路】根据Once
he
sent
four
of
his
students
to
go
to
a
small
f
arm
to
see
apple
trees
in
different
seasons.可知是去看苹果树，而不是看苹果，故选B。
2.
A
【解题思路】根据The
first
student
went
in
winter可知第一个学生是在冬天出发去农场的，故选A。
3.
A
【解题思路】根据The
last
one
shook
his
head.
He
only
saw
a
lot
of
apples
on
the
beautiful
trees.可知描述正确，故选A。
4.
B
【解题思路】根据The
teacher
smiled
and
told
his
students
none
of
them
were
wrong.可知老师认为他们没有人是错误的，所以所给的句子错误，故选B。
5.
B
【解题思路】根据短文描述老师想告诉学生要从整体上去判断事物，可知所给的结论是错误的，故选B。
C
【文章大意】本文介绍了通过研究证明同一个人在不同年龄阶段的性格会发生巨变。
1.
D
【解题思路】根据You
could
be
a
completely
different
person
when
you
get
old.可知当你变老了，你可能是不同的，因此你会发生变化，故选D。
2.
F
【解题思路】根据Psychologists(心理学家)
at
the
UK’s
University
of
Edinburgh
did
the
study
on
a
group
of
Scottish
people.可知此处是英国心理学家做了一项研究，故此处介绍研究发现的内容，故选F。
3.
A
【解题思路】根据In
1950,
a
group
of
teachers
gave
over
1200
14-year-old
students
personality
tests.可知此处介绍老师对学生的性格测试，故介绍测试的内容。故选A。
4.
B
【解题思路】根据They
were
surprised
to
find
great
changes
to
all
six
personality
traits
of
these
people.可知他们发现这些人的个性特征发生了变化，因此他们把现在和那时的结果进行了比较，故选B。
5.
E
【解题思路】根据It
was
＂as
if
the
second
test
had
been
given
to
different
people.可知第二次测试仿佛是给完全不同的人进行的，因此每一个人年轻时的自己和年老时的自己是不同的。故选E。
D
【文章大意】本文叙述了心声可以帮助你理解东西，如果违背了心声，心里会感觉不舒服，心声可以表达出人们内心的思想和想法。
1.
helps
【解题思路】根据inner
voice
helps
you
understand
things.
Inner
voice
always
shows
thoughts
and
ideas
in
the
body.可知，内心的声音能够帮助人们理解一些事情，故用helps。
2.
feeling
【解题思路】根据When
we
go
against
inner
voice,
we
usually
feel
uncomfortable
throughout
our
lives.可知，我们通常有不舒服的感觉，故用feeling。
3.
Reasons
【解题思路】根据段意可知这里指的是原因，故用Reasons。
4.
what
【解题思路】根根据句子缺少动词do的宾语，what作宾语，故用what。
5.
following
【解题思路】根据介词without后用动词的-ing形式，故用following。
E
【文章大意】本文讲述了美国学生春假的情况，主要介绍了他们春假期间的活动。
1.
Yes,
they
do.
【解题思路】由文章第一句可知答案。
2.
For
one
to
two
weeks.
【试题解析】由第三段的最后一句可知，美国大多数学校会给学生一到两个星期的假。
3.
They
often
go
to
places
like
Florida
and
Cancun.
【试题解析】由第四段的第一句可知答案。
4.
Students
feel
refreshed
and
ready
to
finish
the
school
year
when
they
return
to
school.
【试题解析】由最后一段内容可知答案。
5.
I
will
fly
to
the
places
like
Florida
because
I
want
to
enjoy
the
beach
and
sunshine.
【试题解析】根据文中学生们的活动回答即可。(任何合理的答案均可。)
1.
六一儿童节幼儿园活动，差点没找到自己的娃……幼儿园老师那化妆技术，全班都是金刚葫芦娃！
2.
班主任很好说话，所以我们请假很简单！一次班会上班主任谈到大家的请假理由时说：＂你们请假回家我没有意见，居然有同学请假的理由是放假在家买的饼干快过期了，他要请假回去把饼干吃了！＂
3.
与朋友们喝酒，结束时他们认为我喝醉了要送我回家，我坚决不同意，为了证明我没有醉，我就在马路边上做了套广播体操……
4.
班长是个奇葩。上课的时候，后排一同学在听歌被老师发现了，随手扔个黑板擦砸过去，班长以迅雷不及掩耳盗铃之势接住黑板擦，帅气地说了一句：给我个面子。
考点分析
试题分析及预测
词汇是学习英语的基础，也是中考的高频考点之一。近几年来，许多省市的中考英语都非常重视考查考生在具体语境中运用词汇的能力。
1.
命题特点：主要考查一些高频词汇(如名词、动词、形容词等)；考查各类词形变化；考查六种时态的正确运用。
2.
考查题型：
(1)根据汉语提示完成句子；(2)用所给词的适当形式填空；(3)根据首字母提示完成句子；(4)选词填空。
3.
词语运用题主要考查学生对于不同语境下英语词形的掌握情况，如对于名词要考虑单数、复数、所有格等形式；对于动词要考查人称、时态、单复数、语态以及非谓语动词等形式；对于代词，要考查代词的各种形式；对于形容词或副词，应注意比较等级的变化；对于修饰语，要注意用形容词修饰名词或代词，用副词修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子；这一题型还常考查近义词的辨析。
4.
预计2020年中考将会加大对各类词汇的灵活运用及单词拼写能力的考查。词语运用之解题策咯
要做好词语运用题要求我们除了要进行大量的课外阅读，积累丰富的语言知识外，还需要掌握一定的解题技巧。
1.
在拿到题目后，不要急于做试题，首先对备选的词汇研究几遍，对词性作简单的标记，同时对词意做初步的理解。
2.
通读句子，语意完整、实用、合乎逻辑是做好填词的前提。通过理解句子语境，注意发现固定搭配关系，积极主动地猜测空格中所缺的信息，根据需要填出相应单词或短语的正确形式。
3.
在填词过程中，需要深思熟虑，既要符合句子的含义，又要保证句式、结构的正确。例如，当选定一个名词时，要考虑是否要把它变成复数或所有格形式。在遇到动词时，要有意识的去考虑时态和语态的变化以及非谓语动词形式的变化等等。
为了便于记忆，试着记住下面的顺口溜：
空前空后要注意，＂名词＂单复数要牢记，
还有’s不能弃，＂动词＂注意要变形，
＂形副＂注意变三级，要填＂数词＂请留意，
千万别忘＂基＂和＂序＂，填入＂代词＂需慎重，
五格变化要谨记。4.
完成填词后，应通读句子，复核校对。检查单词拼写是否正确，是否有时态语态惯用法的错误，以确保答案的正确性。
词语运用是对学生的书面语言的基本功的考查，它不仅考查学生对单词的记忆能力，而且也考查学生对句子和特定语境中单词的正确形式的掌握。分析近几年的中考题型可以看出考查形式主要有单词拼写、词形转换、词语理解等。这一题型一般在中考中占5%～10%的分值。
词语运用之解题注意事项
下面就中考常见的四种题型分布详细阐述一下各个题型的做题策略和需要注意的地方。
一、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1.
首先要正确写出句子中所给汉语所对应的英语单词。
2.
若有两个以上的词汇符合所给的汉语意思，则要根据具体语境及固定搭配进行取舍。
3.
然后从语法角度确定英语词汇的适当形式。若填写的是名词，就要注意用名词的单数还是复数；若填写的是形容词、副词，就要注意是否需要用比较级和最高级的形式；如果是动词，就要注意它们的时态、语态等。
二、用所给词的适当形式填空。
该题型旨在考查考生的英语基础知识和综合运用英语的能力，通常所采用的解题步骤为：明确所给词的词性→弄清所给句子的意思→确定空白处所需的词性→正确写出所填的词。具体操作方法如下：
首先，要认真阅读句子，正确理解句意。
其次，要分析应填词在句中充当的句子成分，正确判断应填词的词性。
再次，要判断所填词应采用的正确词性。若为名词，应注意其单复数、可数还是不可数及其所有格形式；若为动词，应注意其人称、数、时态、语态及非谓语动词形式；若为修饰语，应注意修饰名词或代词时用形容词，而修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句时要用副词；若为代词，注意代词的各种形式；若为形容词、副词，应注意等级变化；若为数词，要注意基数词与序数词的正确选择。[来源:Zxxk.Com]
三、按照首字母提示完成句子。
1.
读懂句意，确定单词。所缺的单词一定是句中的关键词，一般多为名词或动词等实词。

2.
瞻前顾后，确定形式。
3.
检查所填单词的形式以及语法结构是否正确。
四、根据语境或句意，从方框中选词或短语填空。
该题型通常所采用的解题步骤为：明确所给词组或短语的含义→弄清所给句子的意思→确定空白处所需的单词或短语的意思→正确选出所填的词或短语。
根据汉语提示完成句子。典例一

（2018
?
江苏宿迁中考）根据句意及所给中文提示、首字母或英文解释，写出句子所缺单词，每空限填一词。
46.
Although
she
is
in
her_________(八十),
Tu
Youyou
still
keeps
on
doing
research
on
medicine.
47.
Zhu
Zhiwen
won
a
talent
show
called
The
Sound
because
of
his
excellent
_________
(嗓音)
and
wonderful
acting
skills.
48.
Before
travelling,
my
mother
often
_________
(准备)
everything
well.
49.
Neil’s
coach
gave
him
several
suggestions
to
_________
(避免)
getting
lost.
50.
Natural
resources
are
very
important
for
us
and
we
should
use
them
_________
(明智地).
51.
According
to
a
survey,
the
average
number
of
_________
(日常的)
steps
of
people
across
the
world
is
4,961.
52.
It
was
_________
(粗心的)
of
my
little
brother
to
leave
the
door
open
when
he
went
to
the
cinema
last
night.
53.
As
a
wonderful
volleyball
p_________,
Zhu
Ting
is
known
to
people
all
over
the
world.
54.
It’s
_________
(not
interesting)
for
me
to
stay
at
home
all
day
long.
55.
—Why
are
you
in
such
a
hurry,
Cathy?
—My
dad
and
mum
don’t
_________
(let
someone
do
something)
me
to
stay
out
late.
【答案】
46.
eighties【解析】句意：尽管她八十多岁了，屠呦呦仍然继续研究医学。in+one’s
+基数词复数，表示“在某人……岁时”；根据语境和汉语提示可知填eighties。
47.
voice【解析】句意：朱志文凭借其出色的嗓音和杰出的演技赢得了一场名为《声音》的才艺表演。excellent优秀的/杰出的，形容词修饰名词；根据句意语境和汉语提示，可知填voice。
48.
prepares【解析】句意：在旅行之前，我母亲经常做好一切准备。often经常，用于一般现在时。my
mother是单数第三人称，动词需用三单形式；根据句意结构和汉语提示，可知填prepares。
49.
avoid【解析】句意：尼尔的教练给了他几条建议以避免迷路。不定式短语to
avoid
getting
lost作目的状语，根据句意结构和汉语提示，可知填avoid。
50.
wisely【解析】句意：自然资源对我们非常重要，我们应该明智地使用它们。use使用，动词需用副词修饰，根据句意语境和汉语提示，可知填wisely。
51.
daily【解析】句意：据一项调查显示，全世界平均每天步行的人数为4,961人。steps脚步、步行，名词需用形容词修饰；根据语境和汉语提示可知填daily。
52.
careless【解析】句意：昨晚我弟弟去看电影的时候把门开着，太粗心了。It+be+adj.
for(of)
sb.
to
do
sth.某人做某事……，是固定句式；it是形式主语，缺表语形容词；根据句意结构和汉语提示可知填careless。
53.
player【解析】句意：作为一名出色的排球运动员，朱婷为全世界的人所熟知。wonderful出色的，形容词修饰名词；volleyball
player排球运动员，根据句意语境和首字母提示，可知填player。
54.
boring【解析】句意：整天呆在家里对我来说太无聊了。It
+
be
+
adj.
for
(of)
sb
to
do
sth
某人做某事……，是固定句式；本句缺表语形容词，根据句意语境和英文提示，可知填boring。
55.
allow【解析】句意：——你为什么这么匆忙，凯西？——我爸爸妈妈不允许我在外面呆到很晚。don’t表否定，助词后接原形动词；根据句意结构和英文提示，可知填allow。
典例二

（2018
?
山东济宁中考）
根据句意完成已给出首字母或汉语提示的单词，使补全后的句子意思通，语法正确。
16.
In
the
north
of
China,
leaves
usually
fall
down
when
a_________
comes.
17.
A
p_________
at
a
school
is
a
place
for
students
to
play
and
do
sports.
18.
In
China
more
and
more
people
r_________
shared
bikes
to
and
from
work.
19.
Don’t
worry
about
the
children.
They
are
old
enough
to
look
after
t_________.
20.
People
often
fly
kites
on
sunny
and
_________（多风的）days.

21.
It’s
a
good
habit
to
brush
your
_________（牙齿）
after
a
meal.
22.
The
stamp
I
bought
yesterday
_________（花费）me
20
yuan.
23.
When
we
left,
the
kids
said
goodbye
to
us
_________（礼貌地）.
【答案】
16.
autumn
17.
playground
18.
ride
19.
themselves
20.
windy
21.
teeth

22.
cost

23.
politely
典例三
【2019
?广西北部湾经济区】
根括号内所给的中文提示，正确拼写单词。
46.
The
singer
is
good
at
playing
the___________(吉他)
and
making
wonderful
music.
47.
Bob
and
Jim
have
been
good
friends____________(自从)
they
joined
the
same
tennis
team.
48.
The
cinema
was
half__________(空的)
because
the
movie
was
so
boring.
49.
Every
time
I
want
to
give
up,
my
parents
always
__________(鼓励))me
to
keep
trying.
50.
We
will
hold
a
party
to
say
goodbye
to
our
teachers
next___________(星期三).
【答案与解析】
46.
guitar句意：这位歌手擅长弹吉他和演奏美妙的音乐。吉他guitar，play
the
guitar弹吉他，be
good
at
doing
sth.擅长做某事；故答案填guitar。
47.
since句意：鲍勃和吉姆自从加入同一个网球队以来，他们一直是好朋友。自从since，后接某一确定的时间点，主句谓语动词是持续性动词，常与现在完成时态连用；故答案填since。
48.
empty句意：电影很无聊，所以电影院只有一半的人。空的empty，形容词，用在系动词was后面作表语，构成系表结构；故答案填empty。
49.
encourage句意：每次我想放弃的时候，我的父母总是鼓励我继续努力。鼓励encourage，动词；由语境可知句子时态用一般现在时，主语my
parents是复数，所以谓语动词用原形；故答案填encourage。
50.
Wednesday

句意：下周三我们将举行一个聚会向老师们道别。星期三Wednesday，next
Wednesday下周三，故答案填Wednesday。
典例四

（2017
?
上海）Complete
the
following
sentences
as
required（根据所给要求完成句子。每空格限填一词）
1.
The
invention
of
smart
phones
changed
the
world
in
many
ways.（改为一般疑问句）
___________
the
invention
of
smart
phones
_________
the
world
in
many
ways?
2.
That
amusement
park
has
lots
of
tourists
during
the
holiday.（就划线部分提问）
_________
________
that
amusement
park
have
lots
of
tourist?
3.
The
local
government
organizes
the
film
festival
every
autumn.（改为被动语态）
The
film
festival
________
_________
by
the
local
government
every
autumn.
4.
Shared-bikes
are
very
popular
in
some
big
cities.（改为感叹句）
__________
__________
shared-bikes
are
in
some
big
cities!
5.
＂Have
you
ever
been
in
a
hot
air
balloon?＂
Melissa
asked
her
mom.（改为宾语从句）
Melissa
asked
her
mom
_________
she
_________
ever
been
in
a
hot
air
balloon.
6.
PM
2.5
does
harm
to
people’s
health
and
the
environment.（保持句意基本不变）
PM
2.5
is
________
________
people’s
health
and
the
environment.
7.
enables,
various
information,
the
Internet,
to
collect,
teenagers（连词成句）
_____________________________________________________________________________
【参考答案】
1.
Did,
change
2.
When
does
3.
is
organized
4.
How
popular
5.
if/
whether,
had6.
harmful
to
7.
The
Internet
enables
teenagers
to
collect
various
information.
典例五
【2019
?广州市】
根据下列句子及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。要求写出完整单词(每空限填一词)
51.
—How
o______
do
you
go
to
the
library？
—At
least
once
a
week。
52.
David
studies
hard.
I
am
sure
he
can
pass
the
English
e_____.
53.
When
she
first
went
to
university,
she
felt
very
I
_____
because
she
knew
no
one
there.
54.
We
can
I
_____
a
lot
about
pandas
from
different
books
and
TV
programs.
55.
He
likes
all
kinds
of
jokes
because
he
has
a
great
sense
of
h_____.
56.
The
boy
fell
behind,
so
he
had
to
run
to
c_____
up
with
his
father.
【答案与解析】
51.
often句意：-你多久去一次图书馆？-至少一周一次。根据下面的回答At
least
once
a
week可知，这里问的是去图书馆的频率，应用How
often，意为“多久一次”，故这里填often。
52.
exam句意：David学习很努力，我确信他能通过英语考试。根据句意David
studies
hard…he
can
pass…“他能通过…”以及首字母可知，这里表示“通过考试”，故应填exam，是一个名词。
53.
lonely句意：当她第一次去大学的时候，她感到很孤独，因为在哪里她谁也不认识。根据句意because
she
knew
no
one
there可知，她“感到孤独”，故应填lonely，形容词，在句中作表语。
54.
learn句意：在不同的书和电视节目中，我们可以了解很多关于大熊猫的事情。根据句意a
lot
about
pandas
from
different
books
and
TV
programs可知，这里表示“了解…”，应用动词learn，空前有情态动词can，故这里填动词原形。
55.
humor/humour句意：他喜欢各种各样的笑话，因为他很有幽默感。根据句意He
likes
all
kinds
of
jokes可知，这里应表示“他有幽默感”，humor或者humour两种拼写方式都可以，意为“幽默”。
56.
catch句意：这个小男孩落后了，因此他不得不奔跑来追赶上他的爸爸。根据句意The
boy
fell
behind可知，这里应表示“追赶”，考查固定短语catch
up
with…，空前是had
to，“不得不”，故这里填动词原形catch。
典例六

(2017·湖北宜昌)
根据汉语提示完成下列句子。
81.
共享单车的使用人数今年有望达到五千人。(number)
___________________
shared
bike
users
is
expected
to
reach
50
million
this
year.
82.中国天舟一号货运飞船长10.6米，可载重6.5吨（meter）
China’s
Tianzhou-1
cargo
spacecraft
is
10.6
_________
and
can
carry
up
to
6.5
tons
of
cargo.
83.所有的乘客都下了车，去帮助那位老人。（get）
All
the
passengers
________
to
help
the
old
man.
84.
烧煤的工厂排出的大量黑烟还在污染空气。（pollute）
Factories
that
burn
coal
still
______
with
a
lot
of
black
smoke.
85.
＂一带一路＂以很快的速度增进了国家间的交流。（way）
The
Belt
and
Road
has
increased
the
communication
among
the
countries
________.
【参考答案】
81.The
number
of
82.meters
long
83.got
off
the
bus
84.polluted
the
air
85.in
a
rapid/
fast
way
典例七

(2017·重庆A)根据所给提示，完成句子。每空一词，含缩略词。
73.
Mr.
Hu
is
having
a
rest
in
his
bedroom.
(改为否定句)
Mr.
Hu
__________
_________
having
a
rest
in
his
bedroom.
74.
They
didn’t
arrive
on
time
because
they
got
up
late.
(对划线部分提问)
_________
_________
they
arrive
on
time?
75.
It
will
take
them
about
five
years
to
build
the
high-speed
railway.
(改为同义句)
They
will
_________
about
five
years
in
__________
the
high-speed
railway.
76.
库尔勒，新疆的一座美丽城市，以美味的香梨而著称。(完成译句)
Korla,
a
beautiful
city
in
Xinjiang,
is
__________
_________
its
delicious
pears.
77.
那些既没有手机，也没有电脑的日子了，让我对人生有了许多思考。(完成译句)
The
days
when
I
had
_________
phones
__________
computers
made
me
think
a
lot
about
my
life.
【参考答案】
73.
isn’t
having74.
Why
didn’t
75.
spend;
building76.
famous
for
77.
neither;
nor/no...or
1.
做此类题目首先要正确写出所给汉语提示所对应的英语词汇。
2.
若有两个以上的词汇符合所给的汉语意思，则要根据具体语境及固定搭配进行取舍。
3.
然后从语法角度确定英语词汇的适当形式。若填写的是名词，就要注意用名词的单数还是复数；若填写的是形容词、副词，就要注意是否需要用比较级和最高级的形式；如果是动词，就要注意它们的时态、语态等。
用所给词的适当形式填空。典例一

（2018
?
云南中考）根据句意，用括号中所给词的适当形式填空，并将答案写在答题卡的相应位置上。
46.
Grace
loves
dancing.
She
wants
to
be
a
_________
when
she
grows
up.
(dance)
47.
It’s
important
for
everyone
to
know
how
to
ask
for
help
_________.
(polite)
48.
The
young
should
learn
to
make
decisions
by
_________.
(they)
49.
2018
Football
World
Cup
is
being
held
in
Russia
now.
It
is
the
_________
Football
World
Cup.
(twenty-one)
50.
_________
are
those
who
make
you
smile,
always
open
their
hearts
to
you
and
encourage
you
to
succeed.
(friend)
【答案】
46.
dancer
47.
politely
48.
themselves
49.
twenty-first/Twenty-first/21st50.
Friends
典例二

（2018
?
江苏徐州中考）根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。（每空限填一个单词）
48.
My
cousin
is
good
at_________（dance).
49.
Their
house
is
just
like
our
house,
but_________（we)
has
a
bigger
balcony.
50.
Yuan
Longping
is
one
of
the
_________（great)
people
that
have
ever
lived,
I
think.
51.
I
bought
the
computer
_________（simple)
because
it
was
cheap.
52.
I
need
________（silent)
when
I
am
studying.
【答案】
48.
dancing
49.
ours

50.
greatest
51.
simply
52.
silence
典例三

【2019
?大庆市】
Complete
the
sentences
with
proper
forms
of
the
words
given.
51.
There
are
many
ways
of
______
(get)
information
about
Belt
and
Road（一带一路）
52.
It’s
_____
(danger)
to
play
with
fire.
53.
In
many
restaurants,
tea
is
____
(serve)
for
free.
54.
More
and
more
people
have
realized
the
_____
(important)
of
China-Russia
Heihe
Bridge.
55.
My
mother
and
I
went
to
the
airport
_____
(meet)
my
father
yesterday.
56.
“Dear,
help
___
(you)
to
eat
anything
you
like.
“Mrs
Li
said
to
Mary.
57.
Be
sure
to
let
Tom
know
the
news
as
soon
as
he
___
(arrive).
58.
Many
foreigners,
including
____
(Australia),
are
visiting
Expo
2019,
Beijing（北京世园会）.
59.
We
have
prepared
a
beautiful
cake
for
Tom’s
___
(nine)
birthday.
60.
How
____
(care)
you
are!
You
have
left
your
book
at
home
again!
【答案与解析】
51.
getting句意：获取“一带一路”信息的方式有很多种。of为介词，后跟V-ing形式，故答案为getting。
52.
dangerous句意：玩火很危险。It’s
+adj.+
to
do
sth.是英语中常用句型，意思是“做某事怎么样”，故答案填写形容词dangerous。
53.
served句意：在许多餐馆，茶是免费供应的。主语tea与动词serve之间是被动的关系，助动词is后面需要加动词的过去分词，故答案为served。
54.
importance句意：越来越多的人认识到中俄黑河大桥的重要性。动词realize后面缺少宾语，需要由名词充当，故答案为importance。
55.
to
meet句意：昨天我和妈妈去机场接爸爸了。动词不定式用作目的状语，故答案为to
meet。
56.
yourself句意：“亲爱的，随便吃任何你喜欢的东西。”李太太对玛丽说。help
oneself
to
eat...意思是“不要拘束，随便吃……”，这句话是对玛丽一个人说的，反身代词用单数形式，故答案为yourself。
57.
arrives句意：汤姆一到，确保让他知道这个消息。前面的句子是祈使句，as
soon
as引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时表示将来，主语he是第三人称单数，故答案为arrives。
58.
Australians句意：许多外国人，包括澳大利亚人，正在参观2019年北京世博会。主语“Many
foreigners”表示的是人，故此处填写“澳大利亚人”，注意用复数形式，答案为Australians。
59.
ninth句意：我们为汤姆九岁生日准备了一个漂亮的蛋糕。在生日的前面要用序数词，表示某人多少岁的生日，故答案为ninth。
60.
careless句意：你真粗心！你又把书忘在家里了！How+形容词或副词，根据系动词are判断，应填写一个形容词；再结合后面的句意“你又把书忘在家里了！”说明粗心大意，故答案为careless。
典例四

(2017·江苏南京)请根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为46-50的相应横线上。
46.
Wild
animals
which
are
now
in
danger
need
our▲(protect).

47.
This
machine
can▲(translate)
simple
messages
into
24
different
languages.

48.
My
daughter
is
much▲(tall)
now.
The
jeans
she
wore
last
year
are
already
too
short.

49.
Libraries
or
reading
corners▲(build)
in
hope
primary
schools
along
the
way
of
Long
March
in
a
few
years.

50.
About
1,200▲(guest)
who
were
born
in
Jiangsu
attended
the
first
Jiangsu
Development
Summit
in
Nanjing.

【参考答案】
46.
protection
47.
translate
48.
taller
49.
will
be
built
50.
guests
解答此类题目，应重点从语法角度考虑：
1.
名词：一般应考虑名词的单、复数形式和所有格形式。
2.
形容词或副词：这两类词学生极易混淆，做题时应仔细分析，慎重选择究竟用哪类词；有时还要考虑到形容词和副词的比较级、最高级的变化。
3.
动词：首先应考虑动词的语态和时态。动词的变化形式较为复杂，一般有五种，即动词原型、第三人称单数形式、现在分词、过去式和过去分词。
4.
数词：根据具体语境确定用基数词还是序数词，特别要注意某些序数词的正确拼写。
5.
代词：主要从人称代词(主格或宾格)、物主代词(名词性物主代词和形容词性物主代词)和反身代词等几个方面考虑，有时还要考虑用单数还是用复数。
按照首字母提示完成句子。典例一
（2018
?
安徽中考）根据首字母及汉语提示，完成下列单词的拼写，使句意明确，语言通顺。
61.
My
grandparents
are
b__________
(忙碌)
making
zongzi
for
the
Dragon
Boat
Festival.
62.
Everyone
has
a__________
（角色）to
play
in
making
our
country
more
beautiful.
63.
The
little
boy
is
always
keeping
his
bedroom
clean
and
t__________
(整齐)
.
64.
A
good
hobby
a__________（增加）
a
lot
of
fun
to
our
spare
life.
65.
Please
think
t__________
(两次)
before
you
hand
in
your
paper.

【答案】
61.
busy
62.
role
63.
tidy
64.
adds

65.
twice
典例二
（2018
?
广西贺州）
单词拼写：根据句子意思及所给的中文或首字母提示完成单词，请将完整的单词填写在答题卡对应的横线上。每空只能填一词。
46.
This
is
a
__________
(地图)
of
china.
47.
Don’t
worry
about
your
grandma.
There
is
__________
(没有什么)
serious
with
her.
48.
Mr.
Miller
is
a
very
__________
(幽默的)
teacher.
His
classes
are
very
interesting.
49.
There
are
about
two
__________
(千)
students
in
our
school.
50.
Miss
Li
has
__________
(教)
us
English
for
3
years.
She
is
very
kind
to
us.
51.
D__________
the
summer
vacation,
we
mustn’t
go
swimming
alone
in
the
river.
It’s
dangerous.
52.
It
has
been
20
years
s__________
I
graduated
from
college.
53.
Paul
didn’t
drive
to
the
museum.
I__________,
he
rode
his
bike.
54.
In
s__________,
flowers
come
out
and
grass
turns
green.
55.
Now
all
the
students
are
w__________
down
their
resolutions
and
plans
for
the
coming
year
in
class.
【答案】
46.
map
47.
nothing
48.
humorous
49.
thousand
50.
taught
51.
During
52.
since
53.
Instead
54.
spring
55.
writing
典例三

(2017·湖北恩施)
根据句意和首字母提示，用单词的适当形式填空，毎空限填一词。（共5小题，计5
分）
66.???Christmas?comes
in
the
t__________month
of?a?year.
67.
?She
practices?the
p____________of
English
words?every
day
to
improve
her
spoken?English.[来源:学x科x网ZxXxXxK]
68.
Yao
Ming’s
height
give?him
a
big?a____________over
other
players.
69.
G___________speaking,?she
has
made
great
progress?this
time.
70.
Government
has
p___________children
in
poor
areas?with
food
for
free?since
2011.
【参考答案】
66.
twelfth
67.
pronunciation
68.
advantage
69.
Generally
70.
provided
典例四
【2019
?广西贵港市】
36．We
can’t
smoke
in
p　

　
It’s
harmful
to
others．
37．We
will
try
our
best
w　

　
we
are
successful
or
not．
38．Mark
can
a　

　
at
the
office
on
time
every
day．
He
is
never
late．
39．Helen
didn’t
go
to
Chongqing
by
plane．
I　

　，
she
went
there
by
train．
40．We
will
have
a
wonderful
s　

　
vacation
as
soon
as
junior
high
school
days
are
over．
【答案与解析】
36．publicpublic公开的，in
public在公共场所，固定短语；结合首字母p和预猜句意“我们不能在公共场所吸烟．对别人有害“可知，要填“在公共场所“，故答案为public。
37．whetherwhether是否，whether…or
not，固定搭配；结合首字母w和预猜句意“无论我们是否成功，我们都将尽最大努力“可知，要填“whether“，故答案为whether。
38．arrivearrive到达，动词；结合首字母a和预猜句意“马克每天都能准时到办公室，他从不迟到“可知，要填“到达“，在情态动词后面用动词原形，
故答案为arrive。
39．knew由题干“Helen
didn’t
go
to
Chongqing
by
plane．
I___，
she
went
there
by
train．海伦没有乘飞机去重庆．我___，她坐火车去的．“可知，此句是一般过去时的并列句．因此可选用疑问词How，因此句子可变成：Helen
didn’t
go
to
Chongqing
by
plane．
I
knew，
she
went
there
by
train，故答案为：knew。
40．summersummer夏天，summer
vacation暑假；结合首字母s和预猜句意“初中结束后我们将有一个美妙的暑假“可知，要填“夏天“，故答案为summer。1.
读懂句意，确定单词。所缺的单词一定是句中的关键词，一般多为名词或动词等实词。
2.
瞻前顾后，确定形式。
3.
检查所填单词的形式以及语法结构是否正确。选词填空。典例一
（2018年浙江省绍兴中考）用方框中所给单的透当形式填空，每词仅用一次。
thirsty

her

grape

since

produce
31.
How
sweet
these
_________
taste!
32.
Drink
whenever
you
feel
_________
during
exercise.
33.
That’s
not
Mary’s
son.
_________
has
a
round
face.
34.
Tea
is
_________
in
many
different
areas
in
China.
35.
We’ve
been
friends
_________
we
were
at
school
together.
【答案】
31.
grapes
32.
thirsty33.
Hers
34.
produced
35.
since
典例二
（2018
?
贵州安顺中考）根据语境和句意，从方框中选出意思正确的短语并用其适当形式填空，使句子意思通顺完整，并将答案填入答题卡上指定的位置。
be
famous
for,
take
place,

fall
in
love
with,
sound
like,
in
agreement
61.
The
2020
Winter
Olympics
_________
in
Beijing,
China.
62.
To
his
surprise,
Alex’s
teammates
all
nodded
_________.
63.
Listen!
It
_________
a
girl
singing
next
door.
64.
As
soon
as
she
reached
Guizhou,
Sara
_________
it.
65.
Anshun
_________
Huang
Guoshu
Waterfall
and
its
fresh
air.
【答案】
61.
will
take
place

62.
in
agreement

63.
sounds
like
64.
fell
in
love
with

65.
is
famous
for
典例三
【2019
?南通市】
请根据句意从方框中选择合适的单词，并用其适当形式填空，使句子通顺。satisfy

she

leaf

decide

lucky
51.
I
like
autumn
best
especially
when
the
_______
on
the
trees
turn
brown.
52.
______,
the
old
lady
was
saved
from
a
big
fire
by
her
neighbor
yesterday.
53.
Professor
Li
is
quite
_______
with
his
students’
creative
inventions.
54.
I
would
like
to
buy
some
beautiful
hair
clips
different
from___________.
55.
You’d
better
think
about
it
again
because
it
is
an
important____________.
【答案与解析】
51.
leaves句意：我最喜欢秋天，尤其是当树上的叶子变成褐色时。这里是一般现在时态，谓语动词是原形，主要是复数，leaf树叶。复数是leaves，根据句意，故填leaves。
52.
Luckily句意：幸运地
，这位老太太昨天被邻居从大火中救了出来。Luckily幸运地。根据句意，故填Luckily。
53.
satisfied句意：李教授对学生的创造性发明很满意。短语be
satisfied
with…表示对……满意。根据句意，故填satisfied。
54.
hers句意：我想买一些不同于她的漂亮的发夹。这里是说她的发卡，her
clips相当于
hers，根据句意，故填hers。
55.
decision句意：你最好再考虑一下，因为这是一个重要的决定。根据an
important可知下文是名词单数。decision的意思是“决定”，根据句意，故填decision。
典例四【2019
?南通市】
请根据句意从方框中选择合适的动词，并用其适当时态填空，使句子通顺。
communicate

deal

lie

finish

discover
56.
We
____________
this
beach
while
we
were
sailing
around
the
island.
57.
—There
is
something
wrong
with
my
computer.
—Don’t
worry.
I____________
with
it
for
you.
58.
—Can
you
go
walking
in
the
park
with
me,
Daisy?
—Sure.
I
_____________my
DIY
project.
59.
—Where
is
your
daughter,
Christopher?
—She
____________
on
the
grass
behind
the
house.
60.
My
aunt
____________
with
a
foreigner
when
I
saw
her
in
the
street.
【答案与解析】
56.
discovered句意：当我们在环岛航行时发现了这个海滩。根据while
we
were
sailing
around
the
island.可知这里是一般过去时态。discover的过去式是discovered，根据句意，故填discovered。
57.
will
deal句意：-我的电脑出毛病了。-别担心。我会帮你处理的。这里是一般将来时，其结构是will+动词原形，deal
with
…表示处理……，解决。根据句意，故填will
deal。
58.
have
finished句意：——-你能和我一起去公园散步吗，黛西？——当然。我已经完成了我的DIY项目。根据语境可知用现在完成时，其结构是have
done的形式。根据句意，故填have
finished。
59.
is
lying句意：——你女儿克里斯托弗在哪里？——她躺在房子后面的草地上。根据语境可知用现在进行时，其结构是be
doing的形式。根据句意，故填is
lying。
60.
was
communicating句意：当我在街上看到我姑妈时，我姑妈正在和一个外国人交流。这里是when引导的时间状语从句，从句是一般过去时态，主句是过去进行时。其结构是be
doing的形式。根据句意，故填was
communicating。
典例五
（2018
?
湖北恩施中考）仔细阅读下面五个句子，然后用方框中所给的单词或短语填空，使每个句子在结构、句义和逻辑上正确。(提示：选项中有一个是多余的。)
used
to
/
managed
/
both
/
on
sale
/
succeeded
/
so
that
46.
Jay
_____________
play
computer
games
after
class,
but
now
he
would
rather
go
over
his
lessons.
47.
My
father
and
his
brother
have
studied
abroad,
and
___________
are
working
in
the
same
company
now.
48.
Our
English
teacher
spoke
louder
________
the
students
in
the
last
row
could
hear
her
clearly.
49.
It
is
said
that
the
new
model
will
be
__________
next
month.
50.
The
program
has
helped
the
poor
return
to
live
a
normal
life.
Great,
I
don’t
know
exactly
how
they
__________
it.
【答案】
46.
used
to
47.
both

48.
so
that
49.
on
sale
50.
Managed1.
认真查看所给的单词，弄清楚每个单词的意思及词性。如动词一般作谓语、形容词常作表语或定语、副词作状语等。
2.
认真阅读所给的句子，弄清楚句子的结构及句子大意，特别是空格前后单词的词性，这很关键，因为空格前后的单词往往是选择所要填入空格的单词或短语的重要依据。
3.
根据句意，确定空缺选项在句中作何成分，然后从方框内选出最恰当的单词或短语填入空格内，最后再从语法角度确定其适当形式。如何做词汇运用题：

1.
通读全句，确定意思。

2.
根据成分或结构判断词性。

3.
前后兼顾，依据成分及词性对单词形式做适当变化。

4.
全面考虑，不忘大小写。题型一：根据汉语提示完成句子。
A
（安徽省蚌埠市经济开发区2018届九年级上学期期中考试）根据句意完成已给出汉语提示的单词，使补全后的句子意思通顺，语法正确。
1.
You
can
use
the
________(剪刀)
to
cut
the
paper.
2.
Can
you
tell
me
________(确切的)
what
the
story
is?
3.
There
are
two
_______(警卫)
in
our
school
every
day.
4.
Mary
won
the
first
prize
in
the
school
competition.
She
is
the
_____(骄傲)
of
our
class.
5.
Tina’s
mother
_______(对待)
her
as
a
boy.
B
（湖北省长阳县龙舟坪中学2018届九年级上学期期中考试）根据所给汉语和提示词完成下列句子。
1.
有些狗就是不知道怎样玩乐。
Some
dogs
just
don’t
know
______________________________.
2.
我住得离学校很远。
I
live
_____________________________________________.
3.
下课后，我们经常在一起聊天或是在操场上玩。
After
class,
we
often
_________________________
or
______________________.
4.
早操有助于我们为一天做好准备。
_____________________
help
us
_______________________
the
day.
5.
让这位学生带你参观一下校园吧。
___________________________________________________
the
school.
题型二：用所给词的适当形式填空。
A(云南省曲靖一中2019届初三上学期期中考试)
根据句意，用括号中所给的词的适当形式填空。
1.
It
is
______
to
speak
loudly
in
public.
(polite)
2.
You
should
try
your
best
to
avoid
______
mistakes
while
taking
an
important
exam.
(make)
3.
Computer
is
one
of
the
greatest
______.
(invent)
4.
She
is
an
excellent
______.
(speak)
5.
Mary,
these
are
your
ID
cards.
______
are
over
there.
(we)
B(2019年松江区初中毕业生学业模拟考试)
Complete
the
sentences
with
the
given
words
in
their
proper
forms(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子。每空限填一词)
1.These
workers
need
to
wear
a
special
pair
of
______________
to
protect
their
eyes.(glass)
2.Tom,be
brave
and
believe
in
______________.
It
is
the
first
step
on
your
way
to
success.(you)
3.The
students
will
do
their
______________
report
at
the
beginning
of
each
English
lesson.(day)
4.The
journey
to
the
top
of
the
mountain
is
really
tiring
I
can’t
go
any______________.（far)
5.He
shouted
______________
at
the
kids
and
told
them
to
go
out
of
sight
at
once.(angry)
6.
It
was
______________of
you
to
copy
others’
answers
in
the
examination.(honest)
7.
We
can
always
find
a
peaceful
___________
to
the
conflicts(冲突)
between
countries.(solve)
题型三：按照首字母提示完成句子。
A(安徽省六安市2018届九年级第二次模拟考试)
根据首字母及汉语提示，完成下列单词的拼写，使句意明确，语言通顺。
1.The
local
clubs
are
making
every
e__________(努力）to
interest
more
young
people.
2.
—Wow!
You’ve
got
so
many
skirts.
—But
n__________
of
them
are
in
fashion
now.
3.We
all
know
that
a
year
is
d___________
(划分）into
four
seasons.
4.I
just
hid
behind
my
father
and
ever
s____________(说)
anything.
5.There
is
no
d___________
(怀疑)
that
China
plays
an
important
role
in
the
word.
B(2018年浙江省杭州市中考模拟4)
根据下列句子及所给首字母，写出各单词的完全形式(每空限填一词)。
1.The
number
of
the
visitors
to
the
West
Lake
has
i___________
every
year.

2.Leifeng
has
been
d__________
for
many
years.
But
he
still
lives
in
our
mind.

3.English
is
a
w______
used
language
and
more
and
more
people
all
over
the
world
begin
to
speak
it
nowadays.

4.Take
it
easy
and
there
is
still
p_________
of
time
to
get
to
the
airport.

5.He
told
me
his
a_________
and
asked
me
to
wrote
to
him
often.

6.Have
you
got
the
l_________
news?
Could
you
tell
me?

7.As
we
all
know,
April
is
the
f_________
season
of
a
year.

8.It
is
r________
cats
and
dogs,
so
we
have
to
put
off
our
yard
sale.

9.The
sports
meeting
which
will
be
held
next
week
will
last
three
days,
from
Monday
to
W________.

10.
I
am
much
taller
than
Nancy,
so
I
have
to
sit
b_________
her.

题型四：选词填空。
A（浙江省台州市书生中学2019届九年级下学期期中考试）
magic
sleep
nine
month

drink
1.
I
feel
very
tired
and
_________
because
I
stayed
up
last
night.
2.
This
is
my
_________
time
to
visit
Beijing
and
I’m
very
excited.
3.
Her
words
had
a
_________
effect
on
us.
4.
Doctors
often
tell
us
_________
more
water
every
day.
5.
After
three
_________
study,
they
worked
out
the
physics
problem.
B（济南历城区2018届九年级一模试题）
请根据句意从方框中选择合适的单词，并用其适当形式填空，使句子通顺。
good

in

kinds

lifeswimming
Nowadays,
after-class
activities
are
becoming
more
and
more
popular
in
schools.
We
also
have
many
(1)________of
after-class
activities
in
our
school,
such
as
English
corner,
playing
basketball
and
(2)________.
I
take
part
(3)
_________
the
English
corner,
because
it
can
help
me
make
some
new
friends
here.
If
you
want
to
have
after-class
activities,
I
would
like
to
share
some
advice.
You’d
better
choose
the
activities
which
are
(4)
_________
for
you.
You
’d
better
choose
what
you
like.
Please
relax
yourself
and
enjoy
the
after-class
activities.
And
your
school
(5)
__________
will
be
colorful.题型一：根据汉语提示完成句子。
A
【参考答案】
1.
scisssors
2.
exactly
3.
guards
4.
pride
5.
treats
B
【参考答案】
1.
how
to
play
2.
very
far
from
school
3.
chat;
play
on
the
playground
4.
Doing
morning
exercises;
get
ready
for
5.
Let
the
student
show
you
around
题型二：用所给词的适当形式填空。
A
【参考答案】
1.
impolite

2.
making
3.invention
4.
speaker
5.
Ours
B
【参考答案】
1.
glasses
2.
yourself
3.
daily
4.
farther
5.
angrily
6.
dishonest
7.
solution
题型三：按照首字母提示完成句子。
A
【参考答案】
1.
effort
2.
none
3.
divided
4.
said
5.
doubt
B
【参考答案】
1.
increased
2.
dead
3.
widely
4.
plenty
5.
address
6.
latest
7.
fourth
8.
raining
9.
Wednesday
10.
behind
题型四：选词填空。
A
【参考答案】
1.
sleepy2.
ninth
3.
magical

4.
to
drink

5.
months’
B
【参考答案】
1.
kinds

2.
swimming
3.
in

4.
good
5.
life题型一：根据汉语提示完成句子。
A
根据所给中文意思完成句子，每空限填一词。
1.
医生给你量过体温了吗?
Has
the
doctor
_________
your
_________
yet?
2.
独自一人在黑暗的森林里，金凤花姑娘摘了一些花。

_________
_________
in
the
dark
forest,
Goldilocks
picked
some
flowers.
3.
昨天下午大卫感觉不舒服，很早就回家了。
Yesterday
afternoon
David
_________
_________
and
went
home
early.

4.
从2008年起，他开始忍受脚伤带来的痛苦。
From
2008
on,
he
_________
a
lot
_________
his
foot
injury.

5.
太阳及其行星统称为太阳系。
The
sun
and
its
planets
are
called
the
__________
_________.

B
根据句意及括号内所给汉语提示写出单词的正确形式，每空一词。
1.
The
little
girl
broke
the
window
__________.
(意外地)
2.
He
got
bad
grades
in
the
math
exam.
His
parents
were
__________
him.
(担心)
3.
Olympic
Games
________
every
four
years.
(发生)
4.
He
looks
up
to
those
________.
(民族英雄)
5.
________
is
the
hottest
topic
all
over
the
world
at
present.
(环境保护)
题型二：用所给词的适当形式填空。
根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。
1.
The
robot
staff
working
in
the
first
＂unmanned
bank＂
need
_______
(check)
regularly
to
make
sure
they
can
serve
the
customers
well.
2.
A
couple
of
days
ago,
President
Xi
Jingping
attended
the
Boao
Forum
for
Asia
Annual
Conference
which
is
one
of
________
(important)
international
conferences
in
2018.
3.
Without
________
(
pollute)
by
different
kinds
of
litter,
the
water
in
Fu
Xian
lake
remains
clean
and
it
attracts
thousands
of
tourists
to
come.
4.
The
tickets
will
be
sold
out
as
soon
as
the
new
movie
called
The
Avengers
III
________
(show)
in
the
cinema.
5.
Almost
_________
(believe),
in
a
long
beautiful
dress,
Cinderella
looked
like
a
real
princess
in
the
dancing
party.
6.
It’s
necessary
for
a
journalist
to
have
a
tape
recorder
used
for
recording
his
________
(describe)
when
he
watches
a
big
event
happen.
7.
The
high
wind
with
a
speed
of
100
miles
per
hour
________
(blow)
since
yesterday,
keeping
us
from
going
out
enjoying
the
sightseeing.
8.
The
boy
who
is
younger
than
the
other
students
in
the
class
will
prepare
to
go
into
the
_______
(nine)
grade
next
term.
9.
_______
(lose)
in
the
mountains
for
a
week,
the
two
visitors
were
finally
saved
by
the
local
police.
10.
The
guests
all
looked
forward
to
_________
(eat)
like
a
horse
after
having
an
endless
discussion.
题型三：按照首字母提示完成句子。
A
根据首字母及汉语提示，完成下列单词的拼写，使句意明确，语言通顺。
1.The
radio
says
it’ll
be
warm
and
s
(晴朗的)
tomorrow
in
Wuhu.
2.
There
are
so
many
t
(观光者)
visiting
the
Fanta
Theme
Park
on
weekends.
3.
Finally
he
a

(同意)
to
offer
his
money
to
the
villagers.
4.
It’s
a
little
expensive,
but
have
you
got
a
c
(便宜的)
one?
5.U
(不幸地),
she
failed
to
catch
the
school
bus
this
morning.
B
1.
When
you
go
mountain
climbing,
the
higher
you
get,
the
tthe
air
is.
2.
The
teacher
considered
dour
class
into
twelve
groups,
to
that
all
the
students
can
get
more
chances
to
practice.
3.
The
program
Classic
Singer(经典传唱人)
is
so
fantastic
that
it
is
well
wwatching.
4.
My
grammar
is
so
poor,
so
I
always
can’t
use
the
language
c.
5.
What
is
the
T-shirt
made
of?
I
can’t
tell
the
m
.
题型四：选词填空。
阅读下面5个句子，然后用方框中所给的单词或短语填空，使每个句子在结构和意义上正确。(提示：选项中有一个是多余的。)
made
up
worried
spend
grew
up
compare
nervous
1.
I
used
to
be
_______
about
tests
all
the
time.
2.
Wait
before
you
buy
that
watch.
Let’s
_______
the
prices
in
another
store.
3.
On
Chinese
New
Year,
people
like
to
_______
time
with
their
families.
4.
She
_______
in
a
small
town,
although
she
lives
in
a
big
city
now.
5.
I
haven’t
seen
my
cat
for
two
days.
I’m
very
_______
about
her.
题型综合
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Do
you
know
Nick
Vujicic?
He
is1Australian
man
who
was
born
without
limbs(四肢）,
so
life
was
not
easy
for
him.
At
school
many
students
played
jokes2him
because
he
looked
different
from
everyone
else.
He
was
refused

3

(be)
their
friends,
so
he
always
felt
unhappy.
However,
he
faced
that4

(brave).
He
learnt
to
type
and
write
with
two
toes
at
the
age
of
sis,
and
he
could
even
surf
and5

(play)
golf.
In
college,
he
was
one
of
the
best6

(student)
in
the
studies.
And
he
decided
on
what
to
do
later
in
his
life
to
encourage
others
to
work
hard
for7

(they)
dreams.
Now
Nick
is
one
of
the
most
popular
speakers
in
the
world.
He
always
says,＂

8

(live)
life
happily
is
about
looking
at
what
you
have,
not9you
don’t
have.＂
His
story10

(encourage)
millions
of
people.
＂I
tell
people
to
keep
on
getting
up
when
they
fall
and
to
always
love
themselves,＂
he
said.题型一：根据汉语提示完成句子。
A
【参考答案】
1.
taken;
temperature
2.
All
alone
3.
felt
sick/bad
4.
suffered;
from
5.
solar
system
B
【参考答案】
1.
by
accident
2.
worried
about
3.
take
place
4.
national
heroes
5.
Environmental
protection
题型二：用所给词的适当形式填空。
【参考答案】
1.
checking/
to
be
checked2.the
most
important
3.
being
polluted

4.
is
shown
5.
unbelievably
6.
description(s)
7.
has
blown

8.
ninth
9.
Lost/
Having
been
lost
10.
eating
题型三：按照首字母提示完成句子。
A
【参考答案】
1.
sunny

2.
tourists
3.
agreed4.
cheaper
5.
Unluckily
B
【参考答案】
1.
thicker

2.
dividing
3.
worth

4.
correctly
5.
material(s)
题型四：选词填空。
【参考答案】
1.
nervous2.
compare
3.
spend
4.
grew
up
5.
worried
题型综合
【参考答案】
1.an

2.on
3.to
be
4.bravely
5.
play

6.
students
7.
their
8.
Living
9.
what
10.encourages
《2020年中考英语考前冲刺 （三）》出自：卡耐基范文网
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